Advances in microstructural characterization

Influence of superheat before quench on the structure and stability of NiP metallic glasses studied by neutron scattering techniques

“…In particular, phenomena taking place in alloys in the molten state as well as in the disordered solid state have been possible to observe [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. It has also been shown from thermodynamical calculations that several different kinds of structural modifications can occur in a melt when the temperature is changed [1] and these predictions have been verified by neutron small angle investigations on eutectic melts [4,11].…”

Physicochemistry in medicine: some selected examples

“…114,155 Such a relationship is more apparent in women than in men. Through powder neutron diffraction, 156,157 we have shown that particle sizes of uric acid kidney stones were significantly different between male and female patients (84.7 nm ± 5.3 nm vs 140.2 nm ± 6.7 nm, p = 0.000003). When we consider male and female patients with type 2 diabetes, this structural difference between male and female vanished (76.1 nm ± 3.9 nm vs 78.8 nm ± 4.2 nm, not significant).…”

“…Neutron scattering uniquely complements other characterisation techniques, and together with X-ray synchrotron analysis, is considered among the most useful microscopic probes of matter available today. 157 Unlike X-rays, they do not interact with the electronic cloud of an atom, but with its nucleus: the strength and character of this neutron-nucleus interaction is characterised by the so-called neutron scattering length. This neutron scattering length varies irregularly from one nucleus to another.…”

Radiation-Induced Effects on Microstructure

“…A variety of advanced microstructural characterization tools are available to examine the microstructural changes induced by particle irradiation, including electron microscopy, atom probe field ion microscopy, X-ray scattering and spectrometry, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, nuclear reaction analysis, and neutron scattering and spectrometry. 1,2 Numerous reviews, which summarize the microstructural changes in materials associated with electron [3][4][5][6] and heavy ion or neutron 4,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] irradiation, have been published. These reviews have focused on pure metals [5][6][7][8][9][10][12][13][14]16,19 as well as model alloys, 3,9,13,14 steels, 11,20 and ceramic 3,4,15,17,18 materials.…”