Advances in Molecular Markers and Their Use in Genetic Improvement of Wheat

Kumar, Sachin; Kumar, Manoj; Mir, Reyazul Rouf; Kumar, Rahul; Kumar, Sachin

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-59577-7_8

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 209 publications

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“…To study genetic diversity for guiding selection, the contribution of molecular markers across different crops, has been apparent. A variety of DNA based markers ''popularly also known as molecular markers'' have become available and are being used in crop improvement programs world-wide (Gupta et al 2008;Mir et al 2013a;Mir and Varshney 2013;Gupta et al 2013;Kumar et al 2021). Some of the most important type of markers still popular for molecular breeding programs includes SSR markers, SNP markers, Array-based markers and recently emerged microRNA based markers (Gupta et al 2008;Tyagi et al 2019;Tyagi et al 2021;Sihag et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of molecular genetic diversity of 384 chickpea genotypes and development of core set of 192 genotypes for chickpea improvement programs

Fayaz

Mir

Tyagi

et al. 2021

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Cicer arietinum L. (chickpea) is one of the most significant legume crops domesticated in the Fertile Crescent. This study was aimed to characterize a diverse composite set of 384 Cicer genotypes using unlinked simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The genotypes grown under the temperate conditions of Western-Himalayas included cultivated and wild relatives from primary (Cicer reticulatum Ladiz.), secondary (Cicer echinospermum P.H. Davis) and tertiary (Cicer microphyllum Benth.) gene pools. The analysis of genotypic data of eight SSR markers from eight linkage groups led to the identification of 63 alleles, ranging from 2 to 6 with an average value of 3.7 alleles per locus. The polymorphic information content of SSR markers ranged from 0.46 to 0.79 with an average value of 0.77 and the gene diversity ranged from 0.47 to 0.79 with an average of 0.64. The clustering of genotypes in the form of dendrogram discriminated all 384 genotypes into four major clusters. The wild genotypes belonging to different gene pools got clustered uniformly in different clusters along with cultivated chickpea genotypes. The analysis of data also led to the selection of core set of 192

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of molecular genetic diversity of 384 chickpea genotypes and development of core set of 192 genotypes for chickpea improvement programs

Fayaz

Mir

Tyagi

et al. 2021

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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“…Among the molecular markers, SSR markers were preferred for genetic diversity analysis, markers-assisted breeding, quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, etc., because of their distribution throughout the genome ( Mir and Varshney, 2013 ; Mir et al, 2013 ; Kumar et al, 2021 ). Previous reports have revealed the function of miRNAs in controlling the heat stress, and a distinctive difference in miRNA families and their expression level was found in control and heat-stressed wheat genotypes ( Kumar et al, 2015 ; Sailaja et al, 2017 ; Ravichandran et al, 2019 ; Rangan et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SSRs have been identified in the non-coding, coding, and untranslated regions (UTRs), but their abundance was reported highest in non-coding regions of the genomes ( Madsen et al, 2008 ). SSRs are widely used as molecular markers for genetic diversity analysis, marker-assisted selection, and linkage mapping among populations ( Mir et al, 2012a , b , 2013 ; Gupta et al, 2013 ; Mir and Varshney, 2013 ; Kumar et al, 2021 ). The following properties of SSRs make them the best marker of interest in biological researches: (1) codominant nature (able to distinguish between homozygous and heterozygous); (2) divergence in number of short tandem repeats; (3) presence of multiple alleles; (4) polymorphic nature; and (5) high reproducibility ( Brandström et al, 2008 ; Heesacker et al, 2008 ; Mir and Varshney, 2013 ; Mir et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of miRNAs and Development of Heat-Responsive miRNA-SSR Markers for Characterization of Wheat Germplasm for Terminal Heat Tolerance Breeding

et al. 2021

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A large proportion of the Asian population fulfills their energy requirements from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Wheat quality and yield are critically affected by the terminal heat stress across the globe. It affects approximately 40% of the wheat-cultivating regions of the world. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop improved terminal heat-tolerant wheat varieties. Marker-assisted breeding with genic simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers have been used for developing terminal heat-tolerant wheat varieties; however, only few studies involved the use of microRNA (miRNA)-based SSR markers (miRNA-SSRs) in wheat, which were found as key players in various abiotic stresses. In the present study, we identified 104 heat-stress-responsive miRNAs reported in various crops. Out of these, 70 miRNA-SSR markers have been validated on a set of 20 terminal heat-tolerant and heat-susceptible wheat genotypes. Among these, only 19 miRNA-SSR markers were found to be polymorphic, which were further used to study the genetic diversity and population structure. The polymorphic miRNA-SSRs amplified 61 SSR loci with an average of 2.9 alleles per locus. The polymorphic information content (PIC) value of polymorphic miRNA-SSRs ranged from 0.10 to 0.87 with a mean value of 0.48. The dendrogram constructed using unweighted neighbor-joining method and population structure analysis clustered these 20 wheat genotypes into 3 clusters. The target genes of these miRNAs are involved either directly or indirectly in providing tolerance to heat stress. Furthermore, two polymorphic markers miR159c and miR165b were declared as very promising diagnostic markers, since these markers showed specific alleles and discriminated terminal heat-tolerant genotypes from the susceptible genotypes. Thus, these identified miRNA-SSR markers will prove useful in the characterization of wheat germplasm through the study of genetic diversity and population structural analysis and in wheat molecular breeding programs aimed at terminal heat tolerance of wheat varieties.

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“…In the last 3 decades, many new genomics tools and technologies (molecular markers, high density marker genotyping platforms, sequencing technologies, genome mapping methodologies, gene editing) have been developed, which have increased our knowledge and capabilities to breed improved varieties in a shorter period of time ( Mir et al, 2013 ; Kumar et al, 2021 ; Sihag et al, 2021 ; Tyagi et al, 2021 ). The advances in genomics, statistical tools, bioinformatics, phenomics, data science and many other related disciplines are helping us achieve desirable genetic gains in crops, in a fast but sustainable manner ( Mir et al, 2012 ; Mir et al, 2019 ; Salsman et al, 2018 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Editorial: Genetics and Genomics to Enhance Crop Production, Towards Food Security

et al. 2021

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Advances in Molecular Markers and Their Use in Genetic Improvement of Wheat

Cited by 25 publications

References 209 publications

Assessment of molecular genetic diversity of 384 chickpea genotypes and development of core set of 192 genotypes for chickpea improvement programs

Assessment of molecular genetic diversity of 384 chickpea genotypes and development of core set of 192 genotypes for chickpea improvement programs

Discovery of miRNAs and Development of Heat-Responsive miRNA-SSR Markers for Characterization of Wheat Germplasm for Terminal Heat Tolerance Breeding

Editorial: Genetics and Genomics to Enhance Crop Production, Towards Food Security

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