Advances in monoclonal antibody application in myocarditis

Abstract

Abstract:Monoclonal antibodies have become a part of daily preparation technologies in many laboratories. Attempts have been made to apply monoclonal antibodies to open a new train of thought for clinical treatments of autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, cancer, and other immune-associated diseases. This paper is a prospective review to anticipate that monoclonal antibody application in the treatment of myocarditis, an inflammatory disease of the heart, could be a novel approach in the future. In order to better understand the current state of the art in monoclonal antibody techniques and advance applications in myocarditis, we, through a significant amount of literature research both domestic and abroad, developed a systematic elaboration of monoclonal antibodies, pathogenesis of myocarditis, and application of monoclonal antibodies in myocarditis. This paper presents review of the literature of some therapeutic aspects of monoclonal antibodies in myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy to demonstrate the advance of monoclonal antibody application in myocarditis and a strong anticipation that monoclonal antibody application may supply an effective therapeutic approach to relieve the severity of myocarditis in the future. Under conventional therapy, myocarditis is typically associated with congestive heart failure as a progressive outcome, indicating the need for alternative therapeutic strategies to improve long-term results. Reviewing some therapeutic aspects of monoclonal antibodies in myocarditis, we recently found that monoclonal antibodies with high purity and strong specificity can accurately act on target and achieve definite progress in the treatment of viral myocarditis in rat model and may meet the need above. However, several issues remain. The technology on how to make a higher homologous and weak immunogenic humanized or human source antibody and the treatment mechanism of monoclonal antibodies may provide solutions for these open issues. If we are to further stimulate progress in the area of clinical decision support, we must continue to develop and refine our understanding and use of monoclonal antibodies in myocarditis.

Optimization of preparation method and specificity verification of cat CD19 monoclonal antibody for disease diagnosis and treatment

“…Monoclonal antibodies have great application value in biological tests, medical research, and animal breeding [ 17 , 24 , 25 ]. Many commercialized mAbs have been widely used in the diagnosis and clinical treatment of tumor diseases [ 16 ], among which mAbs of B-cell surface marker molecules are one of the essential tools for the diagnosis and treatment of immune-related diseases [ 26 ]. As a central regulator regulating various signaling pathways in B cells, CD19 has a particular impact on the balance between humoral immune response and tolerance induction [ 27 ].…”

“…Antibodies are widely utilized in biomedical research, including applications such as Western blot, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemical analysis, and have further expanded into the fields of disease diagnosis and immunotherapy [ 14 , 15 ]. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) possess advantages of high specificity and sensitivity, making them exceptionally valuable in biological detection and medical research [ 16 ]. Monoclonal antibodies are not only extensively applied in human medical research but are increasingly utilized in animal breeding and disease control, such as detecting veterinary drug residues in animal-derived food and diagnosing various diseases in different animal species [ 17 ].…”

Fractalkine/CX3CR1 in Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Potential Future Target for Immunomodulatory Therapy?

“…During the viral replication phase, for instance, a potential immunotherapy for monoclonal antibodies entails shifting the immune response from Th1 to Th2 to alleviate the severity. This could be achieved by inhibiting the IP-10 signalling pathway to reduce Th1 induction and tissue recruitment [17,18].…”