Advances in nanotechnology for the treatment of GBM

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM), a highly malignant glioma of the central nervous system, is the most dread and common brain tumor with a high rate of therapeutic resistance and recurrence. Currently, the clinical treatment methods are surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, owning to the highly invasive nature of GBM, it is difficult to completely resect them due to the unclear boundary between the edges of GBM and normal brain tissue. Traditional radiotherapy and the combination of alkylating agents and radiotherapy have significant side effects, therapeutic drugs are difficult to penetrate the blood brain barrier. Patients receiving treatment have a high postoperative recurrence rate and a median survival of less than 2 years, Less than 5% of patients live longer than 5 years. Therefore, it is urgent to achieve precise treatment through the blood brain barrier and reduce toxic and side effects. Nanotechnology exhibit great potential in this area. This article summarizes the current treatment methods and shortcomings of GBM, and summarizes the research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of GBM using nanotechnology.

Glioblastoma Therapy: Past, Present and Future

“…The surface charge also plays a significant role since the electrostatic interaction between positively charged NPs and the negative surface charge of the BBB endothelial cells facilitates NP internalization through adsorptive-mediated endocytosis [ 891 ]. However, positively charged NPs can induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which elevates their toxicity and restricts the in vivo efficacy [ 892 ]. Moreover, nanocarriers can also undergo dispersal throughout the brain and cause damage [ 893 ].…”