Advances in Nitric Oxide Signalling and Metabolism in Plants

Plant fertility is fundamental to plant survival and requires the coordinated interaction of developmental pathways and signaling molecules. Nitric oxide (NO) is a small, gaseous signaling molecule that plays crucial roles in plant fertility as well as other developmental processes and stress responses. NO influences biological processes through S-nitrosation, the posttranslational modification of protein cysteines to S-nitrosocysteine (R-SNO). NO homeostasis is controlled by S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), which reduces S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), the major form of NO in cells. GSNOR mutants (hot5-2/gsnor1) have defects in female gametophyte development along with elevated levels of reactive nitrogen species and R-SNOs. To better understand the fertility defects in hot5-2, we investigated the in vivo nitrosoproteome of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) floral tissues coupled with quantitative proteomics of pistils. To identify protein-SNOs, we used an organomercury-based method that involves direct reaction with S-nitrosocysteine, enabling specific identification of S-nitrosocysteine–containing peptides and S-nitrosated proteins. We identified 1102 endogenously S-nitrosated proteins in floral tissues, of which 1049 were unique to hot5-2. Among the identified proteins, 728 were novel S-nitrosation targets. Notably, specific UDP-glycosyltransferases and argonaute proteins are S-nitrosated in floral tissues and differentially regulated in pistils. We also discovered S-nitrosation of subunits of the 26S proteasome together with increased abundance of proteasomal components and enhanced trypsin-like proteasomal activity in hot5-2 pistils. Our data establish a method for nitrosoprotein detection in plants, expand knowledge of the plant S-nitrosoproteome, and suggest that nitro-oxidative modification and NO homeostasis are critical to protein quality control in reproductive tissues.

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Disrupted Nitric Oxide Homeostasis Impacts Fertility Through Multiple Processes Including Protein Quality Control

Treffon,

Vierling

2024

Preprint

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Plant fertility is fundamental to plant survival and requires the coordinated interaction of developmental pathways and signaling molecules. Nitric oxide (NO) is a small gaseous signaling molecule that plays crucial roles in plant fertility as well as other developmental processes and stress responses. NO influences biological processes through S-nitrosation, the posttranslational modification of protein cysteines to S-nitrosocysteine (R-SNO). NO homeostasis is controlled by S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), which reduces S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), the major form of NO in cells. GSNOR mutants (hot5-2/gsnor1) have defects in female gametophyte development along with elevated levels of reactive nitrogen species and R-SNOs. To better understand the fertility defects in hot5-2 we investigated the in vivo nitrosoproteome of floral tissues coupled with quantitative proteomics of pistils. To identify protein-SNOs we employed, for the first time in plants, an organomercury-based method that involves direct reaction with S-nitrosocysteine, enabling specific identification of S-nitrosocysteine-containing peptides and S-nitrosated proteins. We identified 1102 endogenously S-nitrosated proteins in floral tissues, of which 1049 were unique to hot5-2. Among the identified proteins, 728 were novel S-nitrosation targets. Notably, specific UGT-glycosyltransferases and argonaute proteins are S-nitrosated in floral tissues and differentially regulated in pistils. We also discovered S-nitrosation of proteins of the 26S proteasome together with increased abundance of proteasomal components and enhanced trypsin-like proteasomal activity in hot5-2 pistils. Our data establish a new method for nitrosoprotein detection in plants, expand knowledge of the plant S-nitrosoproteome, and suggest that nitro-oxidative modification and NO homeostasis are critical to protein quality control in reproductive tissues.

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Advances in Nitric Oxide Signalling and Metabolism in Plants

Abstract: More than 15,000 scientific articles published since the late 1950s related to RNS action or detection in various plant materials are listed in the Web of Science database [...]

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Adaptive responses of nitric oxide (NO) and its intricate dialogue with phytohormones during salinity stress

Adaptive responses of nitric oxide (NO) and its intricate dialogue with phytohormones during salinity stress

Disrupted nitric oxide homeostasis impacts fertility through multiple processes including protein quality control

Disrupted Nitric Oxide Homeostasis Impacts Fertility Through Multiple Processes Including Protein Quality Control

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