Advances in organic–inorganic hybrid sorbents for the extraction of organic and inorganic pollutants in different types of food and environmental samples

Abstract

The efficiency of the extraction and removal of pollutants from food and the environment has been an important issue in analytical science. By incorporating inorganic species into an organic matrix, a new material known as an organic-inorganic hybrid material is formed. As it possesses high selectivity, permeability, and mechanical and chemical stabilities, organic-inorganic hybrid materials constitute an emerging research field and have become popular to serve as sorbents in various separaton science methods. Here, we review recent significant advances in analytical solid-phase extraction employing organic-inorganic composite/nanocomposite sorbents for the extraction of organic and inorganic pollutants from various types of food and environmental matrices. The physicochemical characteristics, extraction properties, and analytical performances of sorbents are discussed; including morphology and surface characteristics, types of functional groups, interaction mechanism, selectivity and sensitivity, accuracy, and regeneration abilities. Organic-inorganic hybrid sorbents combined with extraction techniques are highly promising for sample preparation of various food and environmental matrixes with analytes at trace levels.

Solid‐phase extraction using octadecyl‐bonded silica modified with photosynthetic pigments from Spinacia oleracea L. for the preconcentration of lead(II) ions from aqueous samples

“…Furthermore, by incorporating inorganic species into an organic matrix, new organic–inorganic hybrid sorbents can be obtained. These materials were suitable for the extraction of inorganic pollutants in environmental samples .…”

Materials for Solid-Phase Extraction of Organic Compounds

“…Organic-inorganic hybrid materials are prepared by mixing organic and inorganic materials into a single-phase system so that they interact with each other. The combination produces materials with unique features of enhanced thermal, mechanical, chemical, and other properties that lead to the improved sorption of compounds [43].…”

Solid‐phase microextraction based on an agarose‐chitosan‐multiwalled carbon nanotube composite film combined with HPLC–UV for the determination of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in aqueous samples

“…However, both techniques engage multistage procedures and excessive use of organic solvent and materials, which are rather expensive and inappropriate for rapid analysis . Thus, microextraction has been proposed as a new emerging technique toward simplification, miniaturization, and minimum use of organic solvents and materials in sample preparation . Adsorption techniques in microextraction are often preferable and widely employed in the isolation and preconcentration of drugs in environmental samples .…”