Advances in Pediatric Pharmacology, Therapeutics, and Toxicology

Abstract

Significant advancements have been made in pediatric therapeutics and pharmacology over the last two years. In the United States, passage of the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act has made the Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act and Pediatric Research Equity Act permanent, and ensured that studies will be conducted in neonates. In Europe, the Pediatric Regulation, which went into effect in early 2007, has also provided a framework encouraging an expansion of pediatric research. Because of such regulatory involvement, a greater number of studies are being performed, and more pediatric dosing, efficacy, and safety information is being incorporated into product labels. The goal of this publication is to highlight important advancements made in the field of pediatric pharmacology, toxicology, and therapeutics from

The Erosivity Potential Of Common Pediatric Over-The-Counter Medications And Its Reduction By Remineralising Agents

“…However, these attempts have been largely unsuccessful due to unacceptable changes in palatability resulting from the addition of the agents [14]. In addition, this may not be acceptable in medications due to interaction of the compounds with the active ingredient, and therefore, potentially alter the mechanism of action of the medication itself [13]. An alternative option to reducing the effects of the acids on the teeth would be topical application of the remineralising agents after intake of acidic drinks [1].…”

“…There are limitations in in vitro studies. As discussed previously, the addition of remineralising agents can lead to unacceptable changes in palatability of drinks and may not be acceptable in medications due to the interaction of the agent with the active ingredient [13,14]. Caution should also be taken in the interpretation of in vitro results, as the protective effects of biological factors (e.g.…”

“…The paediatric over-the-counter (OTC) medications are increasingly consumed by children to treat common conditions such as fever, coughs and colds, and teething [13]. Therefore, regular exposure of the dentition to the acids in the medications will increase the potential for erosion.…”