Advances in Polymer Binder Materials for Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes and Separators

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become indispensable energy-storage devices for various applications, ranging from portable electronics to electric vehicles and renewable energy systems. The performance and reliability of LIBs depend on several key components, including the electrodes, separators, and electrolytes. Among these, the choice of binder materials for the electrodes plays a critical role in determining the overall performance and durability of LIBs. This review introduces polymer binders that have been traditionally used in the cathode, anode, and separator materials of LIBs. Furthermore, it explores the problems identified in traditional polymer binders and examines the research trends in next-generation polymer binder materials for lithium-ion batteries as alternatives. To date, the widespread use of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent in lithium battery electrode production has been a standard practice. However, recent concerns regarding its high toxicity have prompted increased environmental scrutiny and the imposition of strict chemical regulations. As a result, there is a growing urgency to explore alternatives that are both environmentally benign and safer for use in battery manufacturing. This pressing need is further underscored by the rising demand for diverse binder research within the lithium battery industry. In light of the current emphasis on sustainability and environmental responsibility, it is imperative to investigate a range of binder options that can align with the evolving landscape of green and eco-conscious battery production. In this review paper, we introduce various binder options that can align with the evolving landscape of environmentally friendly and sustainable battery production, considering the current emphasis on battery performance enhancement and environmental responsibility.

Polyacrylonitrile-co-(Polyethylene Glycol-Maleic Acid Ester) (PAM): A Multifunctional Binder for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…Additionally, PVDF’s limited ability to disperse conductive additives often results in their aggregation within the electrode matrix, failing to establish a continuous internal pathway that connects all regions of the electrode. This aggregation can impede effective electron transport within the electrode and to the current collector, compromising the rate capability and long-term cycle performance of LIBs. − …”