Advances in Pyranopyrazole Scaffolds’ Syntheses Using Sustainable Catalysts—A Review

Abstract

Heterogeneous catalysis plays a crucial role in many chemical processes, including advanced organic preparations and the design and synthesis of new organic moieties. Efficient and sustainable catalysts are vital to ecological and fiscal viability. This is why green multicomponent reaction (MCR) approaches have gained prominence. Owing to a broad range of pharmacological applications, pyranopyrazole syntheses (through the one-pot strategy, employing sustainable heterogeneous catalysts) have received immense attention. This review aimed to emphasise recent developments in synthesising nitrogen-based fused heterocyclic ring frameworks, exploring diverse recyclable catalysts. The article focused on the synthetic protocols used between 2010 and 2020 using different single, bi- and tri-metallic materials and nanocomposites as reusable catalysts. This review designated the catalysts’ efficacy and activity in product yields, reaction time, and reusability. The MCR green methodologies (in conjunction with recyclable catalyst materials) proved eco-friendly and ideal, with a broad scope that could feasibly lead to advancements in organic synthesis.

Nanomagnetic macrocyclic Schiff-base–Mn(ii) complex: an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for click approach synthesis of novel β-substitued-1,2,3-triazoles

“…A multicomponent approach is associated with employing more than two different substrates in order to generate the most important heterocyclic molecules. [1][2][3][4][5] These techniques result in generating the targeted products in green and safer manners and cause an acceleration in the reaction rates assisting the reaction completion in shorter times under milder conditions with high yields. [6][7][8][9][10] These factors make the multicomponent approach more convenient, time efficient, simple and easily controlled as compared to conventional methods.…”

Synthesis of N -(4-chlorophenyl) substituted pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles enabling PKBβ/AKT2 inhibitory and in vitro anti-glioma activity

“…Biologically potent pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles synthesised by two-component, three-component, and four-component synthesises have been reported previously ( Scheme 1 ) [ 17 ]. A two-component reaction was reported wherein 4-aryliden-pyrazol-5-one and malononitrile were reacted together to produce pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles ( Scheme 1(a) ) [ 18 ].…”

Synthesis, Structural Elucidation, Spectral Studies and Antimicrobial Activity of Pyrano-Pyrazole Derivatives

“…Compound containing pyrano-pyrazole moiety can act as antimicrobial 1 , analgesic 2 , vasodilator 3 , anticancer 4 , anti-inflammatory 5 , inhibitors of human Chkl kinase 6 , antifungicidal 7 and also as biodegradable agrochemicals 8 . Different methods of one pot multicomponent reactions (MCRs) known for the preparation of pyrano [2,3-c] pyrazole structures, either in two-, three-, or fourcomponent reactions [9][10][11][12][13][14] .…”