Advances in Semiconductor-Based Nanocomposite Photo(electro)catalysts for Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia

Zuo, Cheng; Su, Qian

doi:10.3390/molecules28062666

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…A structural morphology with a large specific surface area is prepared by changing the reaction conditions, precursor composition and ratio, and using other strategies to improve the contact chances between the catalyst and the reactants, increase the active sites, promote the adsorption and activation of N 2 , the rapid dissociation of the N≡N bond, as well as the reduction in the production of energetic intermediates. In addition, the semiconductor bandgap width was adjusted by introducing vacancies, constructing heterojunctions, and elemental doping to reduce the bandgap, realize the catalyst's response to visible light, and improve light energy utilization [8][9][10].…”

Section: Haber-bosh Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress in Composite Materials for Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation

Zuo,

Su,

2023

Molecules

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Ammonia is an essential component of modern chemical products and the building unit of natural life molecules. The Haber–Bosch (H-B) process is mainly used in the ammonia synthesis process in the industry. In this process, nitrogen and hydrogen react to produce ammonia with metal catalysts under high temperatures and pressure. However, the H-B process consumes a lot of energy and simultaneously emits greenhouse gases. In the “double carbon” effect, to promote the combination of photocatalytic technology and artificial nitrogen fixation, the development of green synthetic reactions has been widely discussed. Using an inexhaustible supply of sunlight as a power source, researchers have used photocatalysts to reduce nitrogen to ammonia, which is energy-dense and easy to store and transport. This process completes the conversion from light energy to chemical energy. At the same time, it achieves zero carbon emissions, reducing energy consumption and environmental pollution in industrial ammonia synthesis from the source. The application of photocatalytic technology in the nitrogen cycle has become one of the research hotspots in the new energy field. This article provides a classification of and an introduction to nitrogen-fixing photocatalysts reported in recent years and prospects the future development trends in this field.

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Section: Haber-bosh Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress in Composite Materials for Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation

Zuo,

Su,

2023

Molecules

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“…Semiconductor-based photocatalysis has been widely applied in hydrogen production [1], O 2 evolution reaction [2], CO 2 reduction [3], N 2 fixation [4], wastewater treatment [5], and other fields to tackle the global environmental pollution and energy crisis [6]. Nano-sized frameworks show unique electronic and optical properties that are dependent on the dimensions of photoactive compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sn(IV)porphyrin-Incorporated TiO2 Nanotubes for Visible Light-Active Photocatalysis

Shee,

Lee,

Kim

2024

Molecules

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In this study, two distinct photocatalysts, namely tin(IV)porphyrin-sensitized titanium dioxide nanotubes (SnP-TNTs) and titanium dioxide nanofibers (TNFs), were synthesized and characterized using various spectroscopic techniques. SnP-TNTs were formed through the hydrothermal reaction of NaOH with TiO2 (P-25) nanospheres in the presence of Sn(IV)porphyrin (SnP), resulting in a transformation into Sn(IV)porphyrin-imbedded nanotubes. In contrast, under similar reaction conditions but in the absence of SnP, TiO2 (P-25) nanospheres evolved into nanofibers (TNFs). Comparative analysis revealed that SnP-TNTs exhibited a remarkable enhancement in the visible light photodegradation of model pollutants compared to SnP, TiO2 (P-25), or TNFs. The superior photodegradation activity of SnP-TNTs was primarily attributed to synergistic effects between TiO2 (P-25) and SnP, leading to altered conformational frameworks, increased surface area, enhanced thermo-chemical stability, unique morphology, and outstanding visible light photodegradation of cationic methylene blue dye (MB dye). With a rapid removal rate of 95% within 100 min (rate constant = 0.0277 min−1), SnP-TNTs demonstrated excellent dye degradation capacity, high reusability, and low catalyst loading, positioning them as more efficient than conventional catalysts. This report introduces a novel direction for porphyrin-incorporated catalytic systems, holding significance for future applications in environmental remediation.

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Photo‐ and Photoelectrocatalysis in Nitrogen Reduction Reactions to Ammonia: Interfaces, Mechanisms, and Modeling Simulations

Ješić,

Pomeroy,

Kamal

et al. 2024

Adv Energy and Sustain Res

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The Haber–Bosch process is a cornerstone in the field of ammonia production and represents a decisive advance in industrial chemistry. This method, developed in the early 20th century, revolutionizes agriculture and enables the mass production of fertilizers. As the world strives for sustainable energy and environmental protection, alternative methods such as the photo/photoelectrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) are gaining momentum. By using sunlight, electricity, or a combination of both, these approaches promise sustainable ammonia production with renewable energy sources and innovative materials. Researchers are trying to understand the underlying principles, mechanisms, and advances of these methods to overcome the challenges and optimize their effectiveness. This research is a step toward sustainable energy and agriculture, and offers a greener and more efficient way forward. This review looks at advances in sustainable ammonia production, particularly through photo‐ and photoelectrocatalytic NRRs. It examines the hurdles in implementing these methods and provides an overview of the fundamentals of nitrogen fixation and a comparison of current mechanisms. In addition, thermodynamic, theoretical, and computational studies of these processes are summarized. Various photocatalysts and photoelectrocatalysts used for ammonia production are also presented.

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Advances in Semiconductor-Based Nanocomposite Photo(electro)catalysts for Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia

Cited by 5 publications

References 96 publications

Research Progress in Composite Materials for Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation

Research Progress in Composite Materials for Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation

Sn(IV)porphyrin-Incorporated TiO2 Nanotubes for Visible Light-Active Photocatalysis

Photo‐ and Photoelectrocatalysis in Nitrogen Reduction Reactions to Ammonia: Interfaces, Mechanisms, and Modeling Simulations

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