Advances in smoking cessation pharmacotherapy: Non-nicotinic approaches in animal models

Smith, Lauren C.; George, Olivier

doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108225

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 194 publications

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“…One important caveat regarding the Taiwan study is that in this population, areca is used without tobacco, whereas in countries like India and Myanmar, areca is normally combined with substantial amounts of tobacco, 13 so that in those populations, nicotine dependence is likely to be coincident with betel quid use. For such populations of betel quid users, perhaps a better approach would be to use the alternative antidepressant bupropion, 52 which has the additional indication as a smoking cessation aid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Betel quid: New insights into an ancient addiction

et al. 2022

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The use of areca nuts (areca) in the form of betel quids constitutes the fourth most common addiction in the world, associated with high risk for oral disease and cancer. Areca is a complex natural product, making it difficult to identify specific components associated with the addictive and carcinogenic properties. It is commonly believed that the muscarinic agonist arecoline is at the core of the addiction. However, muscarinic receptor activation is not generally believed to support drug‐taking behaviour. Subjective accounts of areca use include descriptions of both sedative and stimulatory effects, consistent with the presence of multiple psychoactive agents. We have previously reported partial agonism of α4‐containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by arecoline and subsequent inhibition of those receptors by whole areca broth. In the present study, we report the inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and other types of neurotransmitter receptors with compounds of high molecular weight in areca and the ability of low molecular weight areca extract to activate GABA and glutamate receptors. We confirm the presence of a high concentration of GABA and glutamate in areca. Additionally, data also indicate the presence of a dopamine and serotonin transporter blocking activity in areca that could account for the reported stimulant and antidepressant activity. Our data suggest that toxic elements of high molecular weight may contribute to the oral health liability of betel quid use, while two distinct low molecular weight components may provide elements of reward, and the nicotinic activity of arecoline contributes to the physical dependence of addiction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Betel quid: New insights into an ancient addiction

et al. 2022

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“…In this area we observed a statistically significant improvement, increasing the percentage of the correct answer to 53.3% among people after our educational intervention (p = 0.048). Currently, seven smoking cessation therapies are approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), including two drugs: varenicline, bupropion [10]. As presented by Sabat et al, lifestyle modification, including weight reduction and cessation of smoking, are crucial in HS management and the practitioners should present patients with possible therapeutic options that may help them in achieving their therapeutic goals [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could a handbook serve as a useful educational intervention in improving disease knowledge? A cross-sectional study among patients with hidradenitis suppurativa in Poland

Lewandowski¹,

Świerczewska²,

Barańska‐Rybak³

2022

pdia

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Introduction: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin disease characterized by the occurrence of severe, painful nodules, abscesses, and fistulas, most commonly found in the skin folds of the axilla, groin, gluteal, and perianal areas. The disease is of interest to many researchers, however, verified information for patients is still limited. Aim: To evaluate the baseline knowledge about acne inversa among patients suffering from the disease as well as to assess whether an educational intervention as a handbook can improve patients' knowledge of their illness. Material and methods: This research study was a cross-sectional survey conducted on HS Facebook support group. The respondents completed an anonymized questionnaire assessing their state of knowledge about acne inversa. After 1 month they were presented with a handbook. Thereafter the patients completed nearly the same anonymized questionnaire assessing the state of knowledge after reading the handbook. Results: We enrolled 102 participants before (group A) and 30 participants after (group B) the educational intervention. The vast majority of the participants (83.3%) appraised the idea of preparing a handbook as 10 points. In both groups, respondents who were aware of their disease severity had significantly superior results than the participants who were not. After reading the handbook extensively, more patients assessed the state of their general HS knowledge as 'good' than before. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that knowledge about HS among patients is still insufficient. Tools such as handbooks may prove useful in disseminating expertise and helping patients to understand their disease.

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“…Some studies have targeted the norepinephrine system to explore treatments for nicotine addiction or overweight. Bupropion, a smoking‐cessation drug approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration, 49 inhibits smoking behavior by inhibiting the dopamine transporter and the norepinephrine transporter, and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors 41,50 . Moreover, appetite suppressant amphetamine, which has a molecular structure similar to bupropion, works by inhibiting NA release from synaptic vesicles and extracellular NA reuptake by NAT in synaptic clefts 47 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bupropion, a smoking-cessation drug approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration, 49 inhibits smoking behavior by inhibiting the dopamine transporter and the norepinephrine transporter, and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. 41,50 Moreover, appetite suppressant amphetamine, which has a molecular structure similar to bupropion, works by inhibiting NA release from synaptic vesicles and extracellular NA reuptake by NAT in synaptic clefts. 47 Future research could investigate whether bupropion can reduce food consumption/ suppress appetite to treat overweight through the NA system.…”

Section: Association Between Ina Components and Neurotransmitter Acti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine addiction and overweight affect intrinsic neural activity and neurotransmitter activity: A fMRI study of interaction effects

Gao

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2022

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Background: Nicotine addiction and overweight often coexist, but the neurobiological mechanism of their comorbidity remains to be clarified. In this study, we explore how nicotine addiction and overweight affect intrinsic neural activity and neurotransmitter activity.Methods: This study included 54 overweight people and 54 age-, sex-, and handedness-matched normal-weight individuals, who were further divided into four groups based on nicotine addiction. We used a two-way factorial design to compare intrinsic neural activity (calculated by the fALFF method) in four groups based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance images (rs-fMRI). Furthermore, the correlation between fALFF values and PET-and SPECT-derived maps to examine specific neurotransmitter system changes underlying nicotine addiction and overweight.Results: Nicotine addiction and overweight affect intrinsic neural activity by themselves. In combination, they showed antagonistic effects in the interactive brain regions (left insula and right precuneus). Cross-modal correlations displayed that intrinsic neural activity changes in the interactive brain regions were related to the noradrenaline system (NAT). Conclusion:Due to the existence of interaction, nicotine partially restored the changes of spontaneous activity in the interactive brain regions of overweight people. Therefore, when studying one factor alone, the other should be used as a control variable. Besides, this work links the noradrenaline system with intrinsic neural activity in overweight nicotine addicts. By examining the interactions between nicotine addiction and overweight from neuroimaging and molecular perspectives, this study provides some ideas for the treatment of both co-morbidities.

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Advances in smoking cessation pharmacotherapy: Non-nicotinic approaches in animal models

Cited by 12 publications

References 194 publications

Betel quid: New insights into an ancient addiction

Betel quid: New insights into an ancient addiction

Could a handbook serve as a useful educational intervention in improving disease knowledge? A cross-sectional study among patients with hidradenitis suppurativa in Poland

Nicotine addiction and overweight affect intrinsic neural activity and neurotransmitter activity: A fMRI study of interaction effects

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