Advances in the application of biochemical tests to diseases of the liver and biliary tract: Their role in diagnosis, prognosis, and the elucidation of pathogenetic mechanisms

Goldberg, David M.; Brown, Deborah J.

doi:10.1016/s0009-9120(87)80111-x

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 210 publications

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“…Prealbumin has a shorter half-life and so may better reflect short-term changes in protein status. [15][16][17][18] Unfortunately, it otherwise has many of the same limitations, and levels may be decreased in liver failure and increased in renal failure. 18 -20 Although albumin may lack validity as an indicator of nutrition status, it is a potent proxy indicator of inflammation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation as the Key Interface of the Medical and Nutrition Universes: A Provocative Examination of the Future of Clinical Nutrition and Medicine

Jensen

2006

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

120

106

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There has been tremendous interest in inflammation by researchers, the medical community, and the lay public. Modulation of injury response is felt to represent a tenuous balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Adverse outcomes may result from severe, sustained, or repeated bouts of inflammation. A critical observation is that nutrition support alone is inadequate to prevent muscle loss during active inflammation. It is necessary to take inflammation into consideration in conducting appropriate nutrition assessment, intervention, and monitoring. A host of medical conditions are actually inflammatory states that have important implications for nutrition care. Multifaceted interventions that may include anti-inflammatory diets, glycemic control, physical activity, appetite stimulants, anabolic agents, anti-inflammatory agents, anticytokines, and probiotics, will be necessary to blunt undesirable aspects of inflammatory response to preserve body cell mass and vital organ functions. Nutrition practitioners can seize this opportunity to be a part of the future medical team that brings highly individualized patient care to the bedside.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation as the Key Interface of the Medical and Nutrition Universes: A Provocative Examination of the Future of Clinical Nutrition and Medicine

Jensen

2006

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

120

106

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“…In patients with cirrhosis, it is wiser to follow phenazone CL rather than tl;' due to the large variations in V d related to the presence of ascites (Miguet et al 1978). However, phenazone metabolism was normal or marginally impaired in patients with compensated cirrhosis or acute hepatitis, but significantly decreased in severe cirrhosis and chronic active hepatitis (Farrel et al 1978;Goldberg & Brown 1987). In this study, 9% of patients with cirrhosis have compensated cirrhosis and were in the normal range for tl;'; 3% were in the normal range for phenazone CL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Identification of Patients with Impaired Hepatic Drug Metabolism Using a Limited Sampling Procedure for Estimation of Phenazone (Antipyrine) Pharmacokinetic Parameters

Fabre¹,

Bressolle²,

Goméni³

et al. 1993

Clinical Pharmacokinetics

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Phenazone (antipyrine) 1g was given by short intravenous infusion to 62 study participants (10 healthy drug-free volunteers and 52 patients with chronic liver disease). A Bayesian approach was developed to determine the individual pharmacokinetic parameters of phenazone. Statistical characteristics of the population pharmacokinetic parameters were first evaluated for 30 patients. When combined with 1 plasma drug concentration from members of the second group, these led to a Bayesian estimation of individual pharmacokinetic parameters for the remaining 32 individuals. Total clearance computed by Bayesian estimation was compared with maximal likelihood estimation of this parameter, the classical procedure. No statistically significant differences were found. Performance of the developed methodology was evaluated by computing bias and precision. The mean error was 0.0477 L/h. The precision of the prediction of this parameter (0.155 L/h) remained lower than the interindividual standard deviation (0.765 L/h). This procedure enables the estimation of individual pharmacokinetic parameters for phenazone. In this study, numerous laboratory tests were performed. A highly significant correlation (p < 0.001) was found between phenazone clearance and the prothrombin time, albumin, gamma-globulin, factor V, antithrombin III, fibrinogen and total bilirubin. Discriminant analysis determined that protein, alkaline phosphatase, creatininaemia and gamma-globulin had more significant discriminating power and gave better prognostic results than those seen with the Child-Pugh test.

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“…Only a few of these indicated a close relation between lactate dehydrogenase, its isoenzymes and the liver. Other authors reviewing the relevance of enzyme tests in liver disease never mentioned lactate dehydrogenase (36)(37)(38). Chopra et al (34) considered the lactate dehydrogenase determination to be nonspecific; only a continuous elevation in combination with a high level of alkaline phosphatase 1 ) could be taken as an indication of liver metastases.…”

Section: Hepatologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Review

1997

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

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The aim of this article is to describe guidelines for rational use of lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes, in the diagnostic processes and during follow-up, based on a systematic review of relevant literature.Sources of data for this study were English-language scientific publications, obtained from the database of the National Library of Medicine (Medline), concerning the clinical application (diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of disease) of lactate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme measurements in serum in the following main clinical fields: cardiology, hepatology, haematology and oncology. For acceptance in the present review, studies had to include: a proper definition of the tested patient population, diagnostic criteria, sampling time, sampling frequency, and test characteristics.Estimation of the relation between lactate dehydrogenase or lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes and specific diseases expressed as sensitivity, specificity, survival or remission rate were extracted.The application of serum lactate dehydrogenase is relevant in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction (late detection), haemolytic anaemia, ovarian dysgerminoma and testicular germ cell tumour. For monitoring the progress of a disease lactate dehydrogenase is relevant in establishing the survival duration and rate in Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and in the follow-up of ovarian dysgerminoma. Rational use of lactate dehydrogenase can be achieved when requests for its determination are limited to the above mentioned conditions. No rationale could be found for measuring lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes.( 3) screened the literature on erythrocyte sedimentation EC 2.7.3.2. rate, and their study resulted in guidelines for rational use. Enolase: ,, , " " ^ , . ,.. _f j ,.· phosphopyruvate hydratase, EC 4.2.1.11. Veldhuyzen van Zanten et al. (4) performed a prospective Mkaline phosphatase: study to test the clinical importance of routine measure-orthophosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.3.1. Brought to you by |

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Advances in the application of biochemical tests to diseases of the liver and biliary tract: Their role in diagnosis, prognosis, and the elucidation of pathogenetic mechanisms

Cited by 24 publications

References 210 publications

Inflammation as the Key Interface of the Medical and Nutrition Universes: A Provocative Examination of the Future of Clinical Nutrition and Medicine

Inflammation as the Key Interface of the Medical and Nutrition Universes: A Provocative Examination of the Future of Clinical Nutrition and Medicine

Identification of Patients with Impaired Hepatic Drug Metabolism Using a Limited Sampling Procedure for Estimation of Phenazone (Antipyrine) Pharmacokinetic Parameters

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