“…During the past few decades, various scientific approaches and mathematical methods were developed and applied to model the dynamics of the spread of infectious diseases [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Numerous studies have also examined the dynamics of SARS [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ] and COVID-19 [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”