Advances in the Key Metal‐Based Catalysts for Efficient Electrochemical Conversion of CO₂

Abstract

The electrochemical reduction process is one of the most promising approaches to both efficiently remove the important greenhouse gas CO2 and convert it to chemical products of high value. However, in addition to the configuration of electrochemical cells, electrocatalysts are main factors affecting key performances in electrochemical CO2 reduction reactions. Recently, studies have been conducted to investigate the roles of metal‐based electrocatalysts and improve their performances through alloying, oxidization, and microstructural modulations. This review comprehensively discusses and analyzes the developments made in such metal‐based electrocatalyst studies and presents the advancements of important metals for use in electrochemical CO2 reduction processes. The relationships between the electrodes' microstructure, chemistry, and efficiency in CO2 conversion are also compared and discussed.