Advances in the study of current-use non-PBDE brominated flame retardants and dechlorane plus in the environment and humans

Luo, Xiao-Jun; Chen, She-Jun; Mai, Bi-Xian; Fu, Jiamo

doi:10.1007/s11426-010-0174-0

Cited by 38 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 92 publications

(172 reference statements)

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“…DBDPE is a widespread BFR in the environment, likely due to its high production volume combined with its manufacture and use for over 20 years (Luo et al, 2010, Qi et al, 2014). This study presents the dermal disposition of DBDPE in detail, and compares the oral disposition in female rats and male mice at the lowest unpublished dose to date of this BFR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biological fate of decabromodiphenyl ethane following oral, dermal or intravenous administration

et al. 2016

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The disposition of decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) was investigated based on concerns over its structural similarities to decaBDE, high potential for environmental persistence & bioaccumulation, and high production volume.In the present study, female Sprague Dawley rats were administered a single dose of [14C]-DBDPE by oral, topical, or IV routes. Another set of rats were administered 10 daily oral doses of 14C]-DBDPE. Male B6C3F1/Tac mice were administered a single oral dose.DBDPE was poorly absorbed following oral dosing, with 95% of administered [14C]-radioactivity recovered in the feces, 1% recovered in the urine and less than 3% in the tissues at 72 h. DBDPE excretion was similar in male mice and female rats. Accumulation of [14C]-DBDPE was observed in liver and the adrenal gland after 10 daily oral doses.The dermis was a depot for dermally applied DBDPE; conservative estimates predict ~14±8% of DBDPE may be absorbed into human skin in vivo; ~7±4% of the parent chemical is expected to reach systemic circulation following continuous exposure (24 h).Following intravenous administration, 6% of the dose was recovered in urine and 28% in the feces, while ~70% of the dose remained in tissues after 72h, with the highest concentrations found in the liver (42%) and lung (17%).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biological fate of decabromodiphenyl ethane following oral, dermal or intravenous administration

et al. 2016

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“…With the strictness of safety and environmental protection requirements, some toxic flame retardants will be replaced by new flame retardants . The traditional halogen flame retardants have been phased out because they could produce toxic gases at high temperatures . In recent years, intumescent flame retardant (IFR) has been regarded as one of the most promising environmental‐friendly retardant owing to its excellent properties including low toxicity, low cost, and good effect of fire resistant .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7][8][9][10] The traditional halogen flame retardants have been phased out because they could produce toxic gases at high temperatures. [11][12][13] In recent years, intumescent flame retardant (IFR) has been regarded as one of the most promising environmentalfriendly retardant owing to its excellent properties including low toxicity, low cost, and good effect of fire resistant. 14 However, IFR requires high loadings to achieve a good fire resistant, which usually influence the mechanical properties of materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame retardancy and thermal decomposition behavior of TPU/chitosan composites

Jiao

Chen

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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The application of chitosan (CS) in new materials is a hot research topic. In this paper, CS was used alone as flame retardant to prepare thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) composites. Then, the flame retardancy and thermal decomposition behavior of TPU/CS composites were intensively investigated using cone calorimeter test (CCT), scanning electron microscope (SEM), microscale combustion colorimeter (MCC) test, thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectrometry (TG‐IR), and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). The results showed that CS can reduce the fire risk of TPU; 2.0‐wt% CS could make the peak value of heat release rate (pHRR) decreased to 457.2 kW/m2, reduced by 65.9% compared with TPU. And the peak value of smoke production rate (pSPR) and total smoke release (TSR) of the same sample was decreased by 79.4% and 54.2%, respectively. The TG‐IR and GC‐MS results confirmed that CS could promote TPU decomposition in advance, reacting with the decomposition products of TPU. Therefore, the production of combustible gas was reduced. The GC‐MS results showed that the production of isocyanates and ethers was reduced with the addition of CS. The digital photographs of SEM for the samples after CCT were shown that the char residue layer of the sample containing 2.0‐wt% CS was fibrous in shape. It could be speculated that the thermal decomposition products from TPU could react with CS at low temperature, which reduced the production of flammable gases. So CS had a good prospect in reducing the fire hazard for TPU.

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“…Because of the potential toxicity and adverse effect of some HFRs, a number of them, including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), have been phased out or restricted . However, emerging flame retardants, such as decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), 1,2‐bis(2,4,6‐tribromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE), and dechlorane plus (DP), have also been detected in a variety of biotic matrices, including human serum, milk, and adipose tissues , indicating that they are also ubiquitous, hydrophobic, and bioaccumulative like PBDEs. However, environmental behavior and toxicological data on DBDPE, BTBPE, and DP are still scarce and unclear .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halogenated flame retardants during egg formation and chicken embryo development: Maternal transfer, possible biotransformation, and tissue distribution

Zheng

Luo

Zeng

et al. 2014

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Hen muscle, eggs, and newborn chick tissues (muscle and liver) were collected from an electronic waste recycling site in southern China. The authors examined the maternal transfer, potential metabolism, and tissue distribution of several halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) during egg formation and chicken embryo development. The pollutant composition changes significantly from hen muscle to eggs and from eggs to tissues of newborn chicks. Higher-halogenated chemicals, such as octa-to deca-polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners, deca-polybrominated biphenyl (PBB209), and dechlorane plus (DP), are less readily transferred to eggs compared with lower-halogenated chemicals. During embryo development, PBDEs are the most likely to be metabolized, whereas decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) is the least. The authors also observed selective maternal transfer of anti-DP and stereoselective metabolism of syn-DP during chicken embryo development. During tissue development, liver has greater affinity than the muscle for chemcials with a high log octanol-water partition coefficient, with the exception of DBDPE. The differences in metabolism potential of different chemicals in chicken embryos cause pollutant composition alterations. Halogenated flame retardant from maternal transfer and tissue distribution also exhibited chemical specificity, especially for DBDPE. Levels of DBDPE were elevated along with the full process from hen muscle to eggs and from eggs to chick tissues. More attention should be paid to the selective accumulation and biotransformation of HFRs in the early development stage of birds.

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Advances in the study of current-use non-PBDE brominated flame retardants and dechlorane plus in the environment and humans

Cited by 38 publications

References 92 publications

The biological fate of decabromodiphenyl ethane following oral, dermal or intravenous administration

The biological fate of decabromodiphenyl ethane following oral, dermal or intravenous administration

Flame retardancy and thermal decomposition behavior of TPU/chitosan composites

Halogenated flame retardants during egg formation and chicken embryo development: Maternal transfer, possible biotransformation, and tissue distribution

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