Advances in the Study of the Transcriptional Regulation Mechanism of Plant miRNAs

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNA) are a class of endogenous, non-coding, small RNAs with about 22 nucleotides (nt), that are widespread in plants and are involved in various biological processes, such as development, flowering phase transition, hormone signal transduction, and stress response. The transcriptional regulation of miRNAs is an important process of miRNA gene regulation, and it is essential for miRNA biosynthesis and function. Like mRNAs, miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II, and these transcription processes are regulated by various transcription factors and other proteins. Consequently, the upstream genes regulating miRNA transcription, their specific expression, and the regulating mechanism were reviewed to provide more information for further research on the miRNA regulatory mechanism and help to further understand the regulatory networks of plant miRNAs.

Trans Species RNA Activity: Sperm RNA of the Father of an Autistic Child Programs Glial Cells and Behavioral Disorders in Mice

“…These results suggest that instructions for RNA variations, such as downregulation of a group of distinct miRNAs are transferred and may contribute to the development of ASDs. miRNAs are transcribed by polymerase II [14,34,35], but in developing embryos, the regulation of transcription of miRNA or a distinct group of miRNA altogether is not yet known.…”