Advances in the Synthesis of Safranal

Zope, Dhananjay D.; Patnekar, Shridhar G.; Kanetkar, V. R.

doi:10.1002/chin.200740263

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“…1 Due to the mostly low odour threshold values of lactones, averaging about 0.1 ppm, they have a high flavour value [2][3][4][5][6] and this property has increased the use of these lactones in the fragrance and flavour field for the last decade. 7,8 γ-Lactones in the range C 7 -C 12 carbon atoms are Research Institute for Fragrance Materials (RIFM)-tested, given Generally Regarded as Safe (GRAS) status by Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) and approved for use in foods by the Federal Drugs Administration. 9 γ-Lactones are also known as furanones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel synthesis of flavour quality γ‐lactones

Zope

Patnekar

Kanetkar

2006

Flavour & Fragrance J

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The cyclization of 3-alkenoic acids with 80% sulphuric acid in the synthesis of γ γ γ γ γ-lactones is always associated with fumes of sulphur dioxide gas and traces of cyclopentenones. The cyclopentenones formed during the reaction give off-odours to the γ γ γ γ γ -lactones formed. Two catalysts, p-toluene sulphonic acid and o-phosphoric acid, with a catalytic amount of perchloric acid, were tried in the lactonization reaction to obtain γ γ γ γ γ -lactones in high yields, and the reaction was free from sulphur dioxide gas fumes and cyclopentenones. A comparison of these catalysts with 80% sulphuric acid in the synthesis of γ γ γ γ γ -lactones was also made.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%