Advances in the use of alternative protein sources for tilapia feeding

Abstract

The raising demand of fish for human consumption has caused a rise in fish cultivation to become a more intense activity and has increased the need for fish feed formulas for aquaculture. Tilapia are aquatic organisms with moderate protein requirements. One of the traditional ingredients used to develop protein diets is fish meal. Despite its high cost, this supply is of high demand for both aquaculture and terrestrial animals. Efforts to seek for alternative sources of conventional and unconventional proteins are ongoing. The purpose of this study is to review alternative sources of proteins with potential to partially or fully substitute fish meal in tilapia feed. Also, it addresses the challenges that aquaculture feeding is facing regarding the substitution of fish meal with proteins from plant sources.

Soybean meal sourced from Argentina, Brazil, China, India and USA as an ingredient in practical diets for Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

“…Though SBM has risen to one of the top‐traded commodities with a multitude of uses, soybean cultivation is highly concentrated geographically, with only four countries USA, Brazil, Argentina and China—accounting for almost 90% of world output while India being the fifth (Ash & Dohlman, 2012; Montoya‐Camacho et al, 2019; Ravindran et al, 2014; Thoenes & Trade, 2007;). In line with the substantial location‐wise variations in composition of SBM documented in previous studies, significant differences were observed in most of the chemical parameters of SBM tested during the study sourced from Argentina, Brazil, China, India and USA (García‐Rebollar et al, 2016; Ravindran et al, 2014; Van Kempen et al, 2002).…”

Corn husk extracts as an antioxidant additive in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings: Effect on growth performance, feed intake and toxicity//Extractos de hoja de mazorca de maíz como aditivo antioxidante en dietas para juveniles de tilapia del Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus): Efectos sobre el crecimiento, el consumo de alimento y la toxicidad

“…Although PCs exert extensive antioxidant effects which have consequent health benefits, their inclusion in fish diets can modify feed intake, and have an impact on survival and growth performance of fish (El-Mesallamy et al, 2016;Omnes et al, 2017). Thus, given that the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the most cultivated freshwater fish which can tolerate a multitude of environmental factors and exhibits a moderate protein requirement that can be derived from plant origin (Montoya-Camacho et al, 2019), it is a good model for the current study.…”

Autochthonous Bacillus licheniformis: Probiotic potential and survival ability in low‐fishmeal extruded pellet aquafeed

“…Soybean meal (SBM; 40%–51% crude protein) with a balanced amino acid profile as well as low cost and market availability standpoint, is considered as one of the most promising FM replacers in aquafeed industry (Huang, Ding, Dai, & Ma, ). However, the high non‐digestible carbohydrates (NDCs) and anti‐nutritional factors (ANFs) in SBM decrease its nutritional value and thereby affecting fish growth (Montoya‐Camacho et al, ). Various heating treatments such as toasting, extrusion, and pelletizing have been used to inactive or eliminate the NDCs and ANFs from SBM.…”

“…(NDCs) and anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) in SBM decrease its nutritional value and thereby affecting fish growth (Montoya-Camacho et al, 2018). Various heating treatments such as toasting, extrusion, and pelletizing have been used to inactive or eliminate the NDCs and ANFs from SBM.…”