Advances in the use of lampricides to control sea lampreys in the Laurentian Great Lakes, 2000–2019

Sullivan, W. Paul; Burkett, Dale P.; Boogaard, Michael A.; Criger, Lori A.; Freiburger, Christopher E.; Hubert, Terrance D.; Leistner, Keith G.; Morrison, Bruce J.; Nowicki, Shawn M.; Robertson, Shawn N.P.; Rowlinson, Alan K.; Scotland, Barry J.; Sullivan, Timothy B.

doi:10.1016/j.jglr.2021.08.009

Cited by 29 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Both the strategic directions considered here would require substantial capacity building in the sea lamprey control program to fully implement as long‐term strategy. Lampricide application is a pillar of current sea lamprey suppression strategy (Sullivan et al, 2021), but applying the annual historical maximum lampricide effort on an annual basis over a two‐decade period would represent a massive increase from status‐quo control effort because recent peaks in effort occurred as part of an intermittent targeted treatment strategy, not a sustained annual effort (Symbal et al, 2021). The electric weir program was discontinued because electric weir technology circa the 1960s had issues related to perceived effectiveness as a sea lamprey control tool and persistent non‐target fish mortality (Hunn & Youngs, 1980).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forecasting suppression of invasive sea lamprey in Lake Superior

Lewandoski

Brenden

2022

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Resource managers frequently are tasked with mitigating or reversing adverse effects of invasive species through management policies and actions. In Lake Superior, of the Laurentian Great Lakes, invasive sea lamprey populations are suppressed to protect valuable fish stocks. However, the relationship between choice of long‐term control strategy and the future chance of achieving the suppression target is unclear. Using a 60+ year time series of suppression effort and monitoring data from 50 assessment sites located on Lake Superior tributaries, we developed a Bayesian state‐space model to forecast the probability of suppressing lamprey below the suppression target. With annual application of lampricide (i.e. lamprey‐specific pesticide) at historical mean levels, we forecasted a 15% chance of achieving the Lake Superior sea lamprey suppression target in 2040. Increasing lampricide effort and/or supplementing lampricide control with age‐1 recruitment reduction increased suppression chance. Annual application of the maximum historical lampricide effort resulted in a 50% predicted chance of achieving the target, annual application of the mean historic lampricide effort plus a 40% reduction in recruitment resulted in a 54% chance, and the maximum amount of effort considered (maximum historic lampricide and 60% reduction in recruitment) resulted in a 94% chance. Policy implications. We developed a simulation model from a robust, long‐term monitoring dataset that improves understanding of why long‐term sea lamprey suppression objectives have been difficult to achieve in Lake Superior. Furthermore, the model provides a means to gauge efficacy of sea lamprey control policy and action scenarios based on forecasted chance of achieving the suppression target. Creating processes for iteratively refining our forecasting model with stakeholder and technical‐expert input and integration with a decision analysis framework could strengthen the link between ecological knowledge obtained from long‐term monitoring and invasive sea lamprey management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forecasting suppression of invasive sea lamprey in Lake Superior

Lewandoski

Brenden

2022

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…The threshold mortality pattern seen in juveniles, where small increases in TFM led to large increases in toxicity, has not been documented in adult exposures with TFM. However, in larger streams, dilution renders TFM applications ineffective; thus, these streams are often treated with a bottom-release formulation of granular Bayluscide™ (Sullivan et al, 2021). Given the potential for mussels to bioturbate sediments by burrowing (McCall et al, 1979), it was not unexpected that granular Bayluscide was moderately toxic to mussels (Newton et al, 2017).…”

Section: Adult Mussel and Host Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Toxicity of the Lampricide 4‐Nitro‐3‐(trifluoromethyl)phenol to the Mussel (Obovaria subrotunda), Its Host (Percina maculata), and a Surrogate Mussel Species (Obovaria olivaria)

Newton,

Schloesser,

Kaye

et al. 2024

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The risk of lampricide applications (such as 4‐nitro‐3‐[trifluoromethyl]phenol [TFM]) to nontarget fauna continues to be a concern within the Great Lakes Fishery Commission Sea Lamprey Control Program, especially among imperiled aquatic species—such as native freshwater mussels. The Grand River (Ohio, USA) is routinely treated for larval sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus), and this river contains populations of the federally threatened mussel Obovaria subrotunda. Given this spatial overlap, information on the sensitivity of O. subrotunda to TFM is needed. Our objectives were to assess the toxicity of TFM to (1) adult Obovaria olivaria (a surrogate for O. subrotunda), (2) glochidial larvae of O. olivaria and O. subrotunda, (3) juveniles of O. olivaria and O. subrotunda, and (4) adult Percina maculata (host for O. subrotunda glochidia). In acute toxicity tests, TFM was not toxic to glochidia and adult mussels at exposure concentrations that exceed typical treatment rates. Although significant dose–response relationships were observed in hosts and juveniles, survival was ≥95% (Percina maculata), ≥93% (O. olivaria), and ≥74% (O. subrotunda) at typical treatment rates. However, the steep slope of these dose–response relationships indicates that an approximately 20% difference in the treatment level can result in nearly an order of magnitude difference in survival. Collectively, these data indicate that routine sea lamprey control operations are unlikely to acutely affect these species or their host. However, given that many mussel species are long‐lived (30–100 years), the risks posed by lampricide treatments in the Great Lakes would be further informed by research on the potential long‐term effects of lampricides on imperiled species. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;00:1–8. Published 2024. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

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“…dispersal, invasive species, optimal control, removal specificity, resistant life stage, species traits, suppression (Sullivan et al, 2021) and broadleaf-plant-specific herbicides (e.g. triclopyr, 2,4-D).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In practice, the importance of reducing collateral damage has been recognized, so considerable attention has been given to increasing the selectivity of removal methods, even if this requires additional effort or cost. Examples include restricting removals to times and locations at which invaders are abundant and native species are rare; altering net mesh size, trap openings and other physical design features to select for invasive species and exclude native ones; choosing live capture methods that enable sorting and release of native animals; and choosing or developing chemicals whose impacts are mostly restricted to target organisms based on physiological differences in susceptibility, such as lamprey‐specific pesticides (Sullivan et al., 2021) and broadleaf‐plant‐specific herbicides (e.g. triclopyr, 2,4‐D).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing invader suppression to restore native species: Leveraging species traits to overcome collateral damage

Lambert,

McIntyre,

Moody

et al. 2023

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Strategies to control ongoing biological invasions are often developed by modelling the invasive species' population and aiming to reduce its abundance. However, if the ultimate objective is to protect and restore native species, focussing solely on the invader may not be optimal because it does not account for (i) species interactions that can cause the invader's impacts to depend nonlinearly on its abundance, (ii) collateral damages to native species incurred due to nonspecific removal methods or (iii) native‐invader trait differences. To identify an invader suppression strategy that maximizes average native population size, we applied optimal control theory to a two‐species model of a native species threatened by an invasive competitor. We examined trade‐offs between iterative physical removals that selectively target invaders and intensifiable chemical control that is nonselective but has higher efficacy. We found that while iterative removals were capable of supporting large native populations when applied continuously, cost could be prohibitively high. In contrast, when favourable native‐invader trait differences enabled native species to re‐establish more quickly than invaders, intensifiable methods could achieve substantial restoration benefits at lower cost by focussing removal effort into periodic, high‐efficacy events. In a metapopulation, removals that rotated among spatial patches were optimal when the native species had higher dispersal, whereas synchronous removals were preferred when native recovery was initiated locally and the invader could disperse. For a case study in Hawaiian streams, we compared how effective two alternative methods of removing invasive live‐bearing fishes (poeciliids) might be at restoring the endemic freshwater goby Sicyopterus stimpsoni. We found that rotenone (a piscicidal chemical) offered superior benefits when the control budget was small and efficacy was high, but that electrofishing (use of electricity to manually collect target fish) was better with larger budgets and in many lower‐efficacy scenarios. Synthesis and applications. Our findings demonstrate that, by accounting for species interactions and collateral damage, invasive species control strategies can be optimized in light of species traits. Choices about the timing, locations and types of removal events present opportunities to increase the efficiency with which invasive species suppression benefits native species.

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Advances in the use of lampricides to control sea lampreys in the Laurentian Great Lakes, 2000–2019

Cited by 29 publications

References 75 publications

Forecasting suppression of invasive sea lamprey in Lake Superior

Forecasting suppression of invasive sea lamprey in Lake Superior

Acute Toxicity of the Lampricide 4‐Nitro‐3‐(trifluoromethyl)phenol to the Mussel (Obovaria subrotunda), Its Host (Percina maculata), and a Surrogate Mussel Species (Obovaria olivaria)

Optimizing invader suppression to restore native species: Leveraging species traits to overcome collateral damage

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