Advances in tuberculosis 2011–2012

Zar, Heather J.; Udwadia, Zarir

doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-203127

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…1C). These results suggested that the IV might provide a novel vaccine for TB control with special impact on the prevention of pulmonary disease, which is one of the limitations of current vaccines [3].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, BCG and other first-generation vaccines do not prevent infection nor achieve sterile eradication, but rather prime and/or boost infection control. Therefore, the development of new safe vaccines is required to achieve full protection in some areas and age groups, and particularly to protect against pulmonary disease and infection rather than from active TB [2], [3]. Additionally, the correlates of protection for TB and BCG vaccines are poorly defined and constitute essential information for the development of improved vaccines [2], [4]–[6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral Vaccination with Heat Inactivated Mycobacterium bovis Activates the Complement System to Protect against Tuberculosis

Beltrán‐Beck¹,

Fuente

Garrido

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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Tuberculosis (TB) remains a pandemic affecting billions of people worldwide, thus stressing the need for new vaccines. Defining the correlates of vaccine protection is essential to achieve this goal. In this study, we used the wild boar model for mycobacterial infection and TB to characterize the protective mechanisms elicited by a new heat inactivated Mycobacterium bovis vaccine (IV). Oral vaccination with the IV resulted in significantly lower culture and lesion scores, particularly in the thorax, suggesting that the IV might provide a novel vaccine for TB control with special impact on the prevention of pulmonary disease, which is one of the limitations of current vaccines. Oral vaccination with the IV induced an adaptive antibody response and activation of the innate immune response including the complement component C3 and inflammasome. Mycobacterial DNA/RNA was not involved in inflammasome activation but increased C3 production by a still unknown mechanism. The results also suggested a protective mechanism mediated by the activation of IFN-γ producing CD8+ T cells by MHC I antigen presenting dendritic cells (DCs) in response to vaccination with the IV, without a clear role for Th1 CD4+ T cells. These results support a role for DCs in triggering the immune response to the IV through a mechanism similar to the phagocyte response to PAMPs with a central role for C3 in protection against mycobacterial infection. Higher C3 levels may allow increased opsonophagocytosis and effective bacterial clearance, while interfering with CR3-mediated opsonic and nonopsonic phagocytosis of mycobacteria, a process that could be enhanced by specific antibodies against mycobacterial proteins induced by vaccination with the IV. These results suggest that the IV acts through novel mechanisms to protect against TB in wild boar.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Vaccination with Heat Inactivated Mycobacterium bovis Activates the Complement System to Protect against Tuberculosis

Beltrán‐Beck¹,

Fuente

Garrido

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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“…Moreover, these countries have alarming economic (poverty), social (malnutrition), and health (HIV infection) situations, which are promoting factors for TB (2). Immigration exposes countries with lower TB prevalence to strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that are MDR or XDR, from countries with large disease burdens and subefficient TB control programs (5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis-Spoligo-Rifampin-Isoniazid Typing: an All-in-One Assay Technique for Surveillance and Control of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis on Luminex Devices

et al. 2013

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e As a follow-up of the "spoligoriftyping" development, we present here an extension of this technique which includes the detection of isoniazid resistance-associated mutations in a new 59-plex assay, i.e., tuberculosis-spoligo-rifampin-isoniazid typing (TB-SPRINT), running on microbead-based multiplexed systems. This assay improves the synergy between clinical microbiology and epidemiology by providing (i) mutation-based prediction of drug resistance profiles for patient treatment and (ii) genotyping data for tuberculosis (TB) surveillance. This third-generation microbead-based high-throughput assay for TB runs on the Luminex 200 system and on the recently launched MagPix system (Luminex, Austin, TX). Spoligotyping patterns obtained by the TB-SPRINT method were 100% (n ‫؍‬ 85 isolates; 3,655/3,655 spoligotype data points) concordant with those obtained by microbead-based and membrane-based spoligotyping. Genetic drug susceptibility typing provided by the TB-SPRINT method was 100% concordant with resistance locus sequencing (n ‫؍‬ 162 for rpoB gene sequencing and n ‫؍‬ 76 for katG and inhA sequencing). Considering phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST) as the reference method, the sensitivity and specificity of TB-SPRINT regarding Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (n ‫؍‬ 162 isolates) rifampin resistance were both 100%, and those for isoniazid resistance were 90.4% (95% confidence interval, 85 to 95%) and 100%, respectively. Used routinely in national TB reference and specialized laboratories, the TB-SPRINT assay should simultaneously improve personalized medicine and epidemiological surveillance of multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB. This assay is expected to play an emerging role in public health in countries with heavy burdens of MDR TB and/or HIV/TB coinfection. Application of this assay directly to biological samples, as well as development for extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB detection by inclusion of second-line antituberculosis drug-associated mutations, is under development. With bioinformatical methods and data mining to reduce the number of targets to the most informative ones, locally adapted formats of this technique can easily be developed everywhere.

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“…Many drugs were originally developed from folk medicines, and natural products have become significant sources of active ingredients for medicines (Cragg and Newman, 2013). Traditional medicine has enabled the treatment of common illnesses in approximately 60 to 80% of the world's population (Zar and Udwadia, 2013). The extraction of compounds from plants and the testing of the biological activity of those extracts and/or compounds represent the first steps toward identifying natural products, or semi-synthetic derivatives, that may provide new drugs (Cooper, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moquiniastrum polymorphum subsp floccosum extract: screening for mutagenic and antimutagenic activity

Oliveira¹,

David²,

Pesarini³

et al. 2016

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Moquiniastrum polymorphum subsp floccosum (Cabrera) 2 R.J. Oliveira et al. Genetics and Molecular Research 15 (4): gmr15048976 G. Sancho is used in traditional Brazilian medicine to treat inflammation and infection, which is supported by scientific data. However, only one study has been conducted on the mutagenic activity of the extract, which has important safety implications. This study evaluated the mutagenic/antimutagenic activity of M. polymorphum ethanolic extract (MPEE) in Allium cepa meristematic cells. Commercial A. cepa seeds were cultured for 120 h. Treatments were performed for 48 h with MPEE (10 mg/mL), methyl methanesulfonate (MMS; 0.01 mg/mL), or in combination (MPEE + MMS). All of the experiments were performed in triplicate. A total of 15,000 cells per treatment were analyzed for chromosomal aberrations and the mitotic index. The results showed that MPEE was not mutagenic. In combination with MMS, MPEE decreased the number of damaged cells and the mitotic index. Interestingly, the most pronounced effect was observed post-treatment when the mitotic index also decreased, suggesting that MPEE may affect the cell cycle. MPEE exhibited antimutagenic activity, and may induce cell cycle arrest in A. cepa.

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Advances in tuberculosis 2011–2012

Cited by 23 publications

References 33 publications

Oral Vaccination with Heat Inactivated Mycobacterium bovis Activates the Complement System to Protect against Tuberculosis

Oral Vaccination with Heat Inactivated Mycobacterium bovis Activates the Complement System to Protect against Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis-Spoligo-Rifampin-Isoniazid Typing: an All-in-One Assay Technique for Surveillance and Control of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis on Luminex Devices

Moquiniastrum polymorphum subsp floccosum extract: screening for mutagenic and antimutagenic activity

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