Advances in ultrasound-assisted synthesis of photocatalysts and sonophotocatalytic processes: A review

A novel layered double hydroxide-based ternary nanocomposite for the effective photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B

“…The consideration of pH in relation to the p K a of RhB is crucial, since it influences the charge status of the dye molecules, thereby diminishing their interaction with the catalyst. 13 …”

“…The consideration of pH in relation to the pK a of RhB is crucial, since it inuences the charge status of the dye molecules, thereby diminishing their interaction with the catalyst. 13 3.7 Optical properties 3.7.1 UV-vis DRS analysis and band structure determination. The UV-vis diffuse reectance spectroscopy (DRS) was utilized to examine the optical properties, and the BE of the asfabricated CdSQDs@ZnCr-LDO/ZnO, as shown in Fig.…”

“…The discoloration of RhB dye was accompanied by a progressive hypsochromic effect, as seen by a decrease in bands intensities at 262, 293, 312, and 355 nm in the UV region (not shown for simplicity), until all visible and UV peaks vanished aer 150 minutes of UV-A exposure. These ndings conrm the photodegradation of chromogenic centers as well as disintegration of the aromatic rings of RhB dye structure and signify the conversion of RhB dye into H 2 O and CO 2 through mineralization 13,33 It is important to note that aer 150 minutes, the RhB dye removal% increased from 15.8 in the dark to 50.4% under two uorescent white lamps, but to 98% under the used UV-A lamp, as shown in Fig. 9a, b and Table 1.…”

“…This behavior is consistent with earlier reports. 13,34 4.2.3 Inuence of the initial RhB concentration. The impact of various initial RhB dye concentrations (0.5-1.5 × 10 −5 mol L −1 ) on the performance of CdSQDs@ZnCr-LDO/ZnO photocatalyst was studied, as shown in Fig.…”

“…2,11 In practical context applications, the creation and design of semiconductor photocatalysts powered by visible/UV-A light, featuring appropriate band gap energies, remain crucial and present a signicant challenge for researchers. 12,13 Therefore, extensive efforts is being exerted to assess the conversion capacities and light harvesting of various photocatalytic nanomaterials in the visible/UV-A range of the spectrum, 14 where improved photocatalysts were acquired by structural and compositional modication of pristine semiconductors. 2,15 Recently, different metal hydroxides M-OH, especially layered double hydroxides (LDH) and their calcined counterparts (LDO), have been examined as adsorbents and photocatalysts for the elimination and photo decomposition of organic pollutants, along with H 2 -production purposes.…”