Advances in understanding pig nutritional requirements and metabolism

Barneveld, R. J. van; Hewitt, R. J. E.; D’Souza, D. N.

doi:10.19103/as.2017.0013.05

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Several researchers have suggested acid-insoluble ash (AIA) as an alternative neutral marker to Cr 2 O 3 for determining digestibility of feeds in pigs ( McCarthy et al., 1974 ; Moughan et al., 1991 ; Rowan et al., 1991 ; Van Barneveld et al., 1995 ; Prawirodigdo et al., 2019 ) whereas others maintain that Cr 2 O 3 is more suitable as a marker than AIA ( Bakker and Jongbloed, 1994 ; Van Leeuwen et al., 1996 ). Yin et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid-insoluble ash is a better indigestible marker than chromic oxide to measure apparent total tract digestibility in pigs

Prawirodigdo

Gannon²,

Leury

et al. 2021

Animal Nutrition

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The aim of this study was to determine the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients in cottonseed meal (CSM) and soybean meal (SBM) in simple carbohydrate and more complex wheat-based diets using 2 indigestible markers and total faecal collection. Twenty-five Large White × Landrace boars (57.8 kg) were randomly allocated to either a pure wheat diet, 40% CSM or SBM in either a sugar-starch- (1:1) or wheat-based diet for 18 d. Acid-insoluble ash (AIA) and chromic oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ) were included in all diets as indigestible markers. Diets were offered (1,800 g/d per pig) in 3 meals/d from d 1 to 11 and 8 meals/d from d 12 to 17. On d 9, the pigs were moved to individual metabolism cages to allow total faecal collection. On d 18, the pigs were fed hourly for 8 h. After the 8th meal, pigs were anaesthetized and digesta sampled from the terminal ileum and rectum before lethal injection. There were no differences between ATTD of nitrogen (N) determined using AIA as a marker and measured by total faecal collection. On the other hand, the ATTD of N of diets containing CSM in sugar-starch- or wheat-based diets and the pure wheat diet determined using Cr 2 O 3 as a marker was less (−3.11%, −4.46% and −6.59%; P < 0.001) than that measured by total faecal collection. The ATTD of N determined using AIA as a marker was highly correlated with that measured using total faecal collection ( P < 0.001; R 2 = 0.95). Similarly, the ATTD of N determined using Cr 2 O 3 as a marker was correlated with that measured using total faecal collection, although the correlation was not quite as strong as using AIA ( P < 0.001; R 2 = 0.87). Also, the slope of the regression line and the intercept were closer to unity and zero for the relationship when the ATTD of N was determined using AIA compared to Cr 2 O 3 as an indigestible marker. The ATTD of organic and dry matter behaved similarly. These data demonstrate that the basal diet and choice of indigestible marker can substantially influence the ATTD and that the use of AIA as an indigestible marker is more suitable than Cr 2 O 3 in digestibility studies in pigs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid-insoluble ash is a better indigestible marker than chromic oxide to measure apparent total tract digestibility in pigs

Prawirodigdo

Gannon²,

Leury

et al. 2021

Animal Nutrition

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“…These differences are exacerbated by the environmental conditions under which the grains are grown ( Longstaff and MacNab, 1986 ). A review by van Barneveld (1997) using past data for more than 70 cultivars of wheat found differences of up to 3.7 MJ/kg dry matter (DM) in digestible energy (DE) content. The highest DE reported in Australia was at 17.0 MJ/kg DM ( Kopinski, 1997 ), and the lowest was 13.8 MJ/kg DM ( King, 1976 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1980) found that the hemicellulose (mainly arabinoxylan) component of wheat correlated closely with the DE value in wheat. The relationship between DE and more specific components of wheat NSP has been variable ( van Barneveld, 1997 ), although Zijlstra et al., 1988 found a strong correlation between xylose level and DE content in wheat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of research on wheat in pigs has evaluated the variation in energy content ( Kopinski, 1997 , van Barneveld, 1997 ) and devised methods to improve the digestibility of cereal grains ( Wiseman, 1997 ). However, faecal DM digestibility and DE content of cereals are poorly related to pig growth performance compared to ileal DM digestibility measurements ( van Barneveld et al., 2001 , Cadogan et al., 2003 ). It appears that growth, feed intake and health of pigs are affected by wheat type but not by the energy and protein levels of wheat ( Cadogan et al., 1999 , Choct et al., 1999b , Simmins et al., 2001 , Caine et al., 1997 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been many studies investigating the effect of NSP on human health and animal performance but their detailed modes of action in pig diets are largely speculative ( Choct and Cadogan, 2001 , Partridge, 2001 ). Numerous studies ( Bach Knudsen and Hansen, 1991 , Yin et al., 2000 , van Barneveld et al., 2001 , Bartelt et al., 2002 , Pederson et al., 2012 ) have reported the digestion pattern of wheat NSP fractions at the ileal level. There is, however, limited information on the digestion of NSP from different wheat types and of the modifying effects of exogenous xylanase on wheat fibre in the small intestine of the pig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pattern of non-starch polysaccharide digestion along the gut of the pig: Contribution to available energy

Cadogan¹,

Choct

2015

Animal Nutrition

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We investigated the pattern of non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) digestion along the gut of pigs fed two different wheats, which were offered with or without xylanase supplementation. The two wheats used were pre-characterised before the experiment on the basis of low and normal feed intake of young pigs. Wheat type significantly influenced feed intake and growth rate in the first 7 days, however, by day 14 the only significant effect of wheat type was on growth rate. Xylanase supplementation increased the growth performance of pigs fed the poor quality wheat to a level similar to those fed the normal wheat. It also increased the daily gain of pigs fed the normal wheat. Wheat type had no significant effect on the digestibility of dry matter (DM), energy, free sugars or the different fractions of NSP in the duodenum, ileum or in the faeces. The duodenal gross energy digestibility values for the low and high performance diets were −27.4 and −47.5%, respectively, and xylanase supplementation significantly increased the digestibility of energy back to positive levels. Dry matter digestibility values followed a similar pattern. In the duodenum, xylanase increased (P < 0.05) the digestibility values of both soluble and insoluble NSP, whereas in the ileum, xylanase had a significant effect only on the digestibility of the soluble NSP fraction. Xylanase did not affect free sugar digestibility. The reduction in soluble NSP level coincided with a marked reduction in the amount of fucose, a prominent component of mucosal polysaccharides. This suggests that soluble NSP substantially increase endogenous losses. The absence of differences in the digestibility of the measured NSP between the two wheat samples suggests that the structures of the NSP, rather than just their amount and solubility, are important for the anti-nutritional properties of NSP in pig diets.

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Extended Abstracts of Short Presentations at Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition – Australia 2023

2023

Anim. Prod. Sci.

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We live in a microbial world, with their products and services central to both the structure and function of natural and managed ecosystems. The impact from microbes growing anaerobically was first characterised in the 19th Century, but it was the development of techniques by Hungate (as modified by Bryant) in the mid-20th Century that enabled the culture-based study of the microbes from the rumen and human gut. In some respects, the study of these microbial habitats was conducted as 'parallel universes' throughout the remainder of the 20th Century, driven in part by the divergence in the key research priorities and outcomes ascribed to each host. For example, rumen microbes in the context of animal nutrition and productivity, and the human gut microbiota particularly in the context of infection and inflammation affecting health and disease. However, there have also been key periods of intersection between the interests in rumen and human microbiota that have been synergistic to the field of microbiology in general, and the study of host-microbe interactions, particularly. The consequences of these intersections include the era of cultivation-independent assessments of the microbiota and more recently, 'microbiome' research. However, what goes around also comes around, highlighted by the need to go 'back to the future' to provide the expertise in rumen and human gut microbiology that will bring microbial genomes to life, and translate the microbiome into meaningful one-health outcomes.

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Advances in understanding pig nutritional requirements and metabolism

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Acid-insoluble ash is a better indigestible marker than chromic oxide to measure apparent total tract digestibility in pigs

Acid-insoluble ash is a better indigestible marker than chromic oxide to measure apparent total tract digestibility in pigs

Pattern of non-starch polysaccharide digestion along the gut of the pig: Contribution to available energy

Extended Abstracts of Short Presentations at Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition – Australia 2023

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Advances in understanding pig nutritional requirements and metabolism

Cited by 3 publications

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Acid-insoluble ash is a better indigestible marker than chromic oxide to measure apparent total tract digestibility in pigs

Acid-insoluble ash is a better indigestible marker than chromic oxide to measure apparent total tract digestibility in pigs

Pattern of non-starch polysaccharide digestion along the gut of the pig: Contribution to available energy

Extended Abstracts of Short Presentations at Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition &#x2013; Australia 2023

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Extended Abstracts of Short Presentations at Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition – Australia 2023