Advances of new drugs bedaquiline and delamanid in the treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in children

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem, with nearly 10 million new cases and millions of deaths each year. Around 10% of these cases are in children, but only a fraction receive proper diagnosis and treatment. The spread of drug-resistant (DR) strain of TB has made it difficult to control, with only 60% of patients responding to treatment. Multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) is often undiagnosed in children due to lack of awareness or under-diagnosis, and the target for children’s DR-TB treatment has only been met in 15% of goals. New medications such as bedaquiline and delamanid have been approved for treating DR-TB. However, due to age and weight differences, adults and children require different dosages. The availability of child-friendly formulations is limited by a lack of clinical data in children. This paper reviews the development history of these drugs, their mechanism of action, efficacy, safety potential problems and current use in treating DR-TB in children.

Delamanid and bedaquiline resistance patterns in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Iran: A cross-sectional analysis

“…Moreover, a unique mutation, A456C, was identified in the ddn gene, resulting in an amino acid substitution from a stop codon to Cysteine at position 152 in one isolate. These findings emphasize the intricate and diverse nature of genetic mutations linked to DLM resistance, underscoring the necessity for personalized treatment strategies tailored to MDR-TB patients [ [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] ].…”

Tuberculosis Elimination in India: Where the Country Stands

“…28 Efforts are underway to discover new drugs for TB treatment, particularly those effective against drug-resistant strains. 29,30 India has contributed to the development of improved TB diagnostics, including point-of-care tests that can rapidly detect TB and drug resistance. 6 Research studies are being conducted to assess the impact of various interventions and strategies on TB control and elimination in India.…”

A Tandem Ring Closure and Nitrobenzene Reduction with Sulfide Provides an Improved Route to an Important Intermediate for the Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Candidate Sutezolid

“…As an additional complication, a lack of treatment options can give rise to multidrug-resistant TB strains (MDR-TB) . After a decades-long drought of new TB treatments, several new drugs have been developed in recent years, including bedaquiline, , linezolid, pretomanid, and delamanid, and combination regimens of these drugs such as BPaL. , However, ensuring low costs for these new treatment options remains a top priority for the global health community.…”