Advances on hormone-like activity of Panax ginseng and ginsenosides

Tian, Mei; Li, Linnan; Zheng, Ruirong; Yang, Li; Wang, Zhengtao

doi:10.1016/s1875-5364(20)30063-7

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…31 Ginsenoside is the key bioactive component of Panax ginseng C. A. 71 It consists of both hydrophobic triterpenes or steroid aglycones and hydrophilic sugar side chain(s). 72 Ginsenoside Rb1 is a prominent ginsenoside.…”

Section: Natural Phytochemical-basedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Natural Phytochemical-Based Self-Assembled Nanostructures for Applications in Medicine

Zhu

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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The role of nanomedicine in disease diagnosis and treatment is indispensable. The future of nanomedicine in the pharmaceutical field is promising owing to its specificity and potency. However, its function and ultimate efficiency in clinical applications are still unsatisfactory, which can be attributed to the toxicity of nanomaterials caused by their nondegradability and accumulation in the body. To overcome the obstacles associated with the synthesized materials, researchers have focused on natural phytochemicals with good biodegradability, biocompatibility, and self-assembly capability. The structural diversity and combinational therapeutic effects of natural phytochemicals have broadened their nanomedical applications. This Review summarizes natural phytochemical-based nanostructures, including steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, quinones, and polysaccharides and highlights their enormous application potential in nanomedicines. Additionally, in this Review, we summarize recent advances in nanostructures based on natural phytochemicals and introduce representative examples for drug-delivery, imaging, and theranostic applications in nanomedicine. Finally, we discuss the challenges in the rational design, synthesis, and fabrication of natural phytochemical-based nanostructures and propose feasible solutions for problems that need to be overcome to enable clinical translation.

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Section: Natural Phytochemical-basedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Natural Phytochemical-Based Self-Assembled Nanostructures for Applications in Medicine

Zhu

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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“…Ovarian function deteriorates as women age, resulting in a lack of steroid hormones and infertility ( 40 , 41 ). Ginsenosides can promote the release of steroid hormones to play an estrogen-like role ( 42 ). During the larval stage, 20E starts to induce larval pupation, while JH keeps Drosophila in the immature state by inhibiting the metamorphosis of 20E, thus ensuring that the metamorphosis time is reasonable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginsenosides improve reproductive capability of aged female Drosophila through mechanism dependent on ecdysteroid receptor (ECR) and steroid signaling pathway

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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Aging ovaries caused diminished fertility and depleted steroid hormone level. Ginsenosides, the active ingredient in ginseng, had estrogen-like hormonal effects. Although ginsenosides were well known for their ability to alleviate many age-related degenerative diseases, the effect of ginsenosides on the decline in reproductive capability caused by aging, as well as the mechanism, are unknown. We found that ginsenosides improved the quantity and quality of the offspring, prolonged life and restored muscle ability in aged female Drosophila. In addition, ginsenosides inhibited ovarian atrophy and maintained steroid hormone 20-Hydroxyecdysone (20E) and juvenile-preserving hormone (JH)) levels. Ginsenosides activated ecdysteroid receptor (ECR) and increased the expression of the early transcription genes E74 and Broad (Br), which triggered steroid signaling pathway. Meanwhile, ginsenosides promoted JH biosynthesis by increasing the expression of Hydroxyl-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) and juvenile hormone acid O-methyltransferase (JHAMT). Subsequently, JH was bound to Methoprene Tolerant (Met) and activated the transcription of the responsive gene Kruppel Homolog 1 (Kr-h1), which coordinated with 20E signaling to promote the reproduction of aged female Drosophila. The reproductive capacity and steroid hormone levels were not improved and the steroid signaling pathway was not activated in ginsenoside-treated ECR knockout Drosophila. This suggested that ginsenosides played a role dependent on targeted ECR. Furthermore, 17 kinds of ginsenoside monomers were identified from the total ginsenosides. Among them, Rg1, Re and Rb1 improved the reproductive capacity and steroid hormone levels of aged female Drosophila, which has similar effects to the total ginsenoside. These results indicated that ginsenosides could enhance the reproductive capacity of aged female Drosophila by activating steroid signals dependent on nuclear receptor ECR. In addition, ginsenoside monomers Rg1, Rb1 and Re are the main active components of total ginsenosides to improve reproductive ability. This will provide strong evidence that ginsenosides had the potential to alleviate age-induced reproductive degradation.

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“…In the last decades, in vitro and in vivo results have revealed that P. ginseng and its active compounds are equipped with hormone analogous effects. There is evidence that ginsenosides Rg1 exert estrogen-like effect via the activation of ER- α [ 90 ].…”

Section: In Vivo Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiosteoporosis Studies of 20 Medicine Food Homology Plants Containing Quercetin, Rutin, and Kaempferol: TCM Characteristics, In Vivo and In Vitro Activities, Potential Mechanisms, and Food Functions

Shen

Feng

Zhang

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Dietary nutraceutical compounds have been evidenced as backbone for bone health in recent years. It is reported that medicine food homology (MFH) plants have multiple nutraceutical compounds. Based on our literature research, 20 MFH plants caught our attention because they contain three popular antiosteoporosis compounds simultaneously: quercetin, rutin, and kaempferol. According to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), their characteristics including natures, flavors, attributive to meridian tropism, and efficacies were listed. The relationships between TCM efficacies, such as “heat clearing,” “tonic,” and “the interior warming,” and antiosteoporosis pharmacological actions such as antioxidant and immune regulation were discussed. The in vivo antiosteoporosis effects of the 20 MFH plants were summarized. The in vitro antiosteoporosis activities and related mechanisms of the 20 plants and quercetin, rutin, kaempferol were detailed. The TGF-β-Smad signaling, fibroblast growth factor, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling on bone formation and the RANKL signaling, NF-κB signaling, and macrophage-colony-stimulating factor on bone resorption were identified. From food point, these 20 MFH plants could be classified as condiment, vegetable, fruit, tea and related products, beverage, etc. Based on the above discussion, these 20 MFH plants could be used as daily food supplements for the prevention and treatment against osteoporosis.

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Advances on hormone-like activity of Panax ginseng and ginsenosides

Cited by 21 publications

References 123 publications

Review of Natural Phytochemical-Based Self-Assembled Nanostructures for Applications in Medicine

Review of Natural Phytochemical-Based Self-Assembled Nanostructures for Applications in Medicine

Ginsenosides improve reproductive capability of aged female Drosophila through mechanism dependent on ecdysteroid receptor (ECR) and steroid signaling pathway

Antiosteoporosis Studies of 20 Medicine Food Homology Plants Containing Quercetin, Rutin, and Kaempferol: TCM Characteristics, In Vivo and In Vitro Activities, Potential Mechanisms, and Food Functions

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