Advancing dental implantology with phototherapy: A comparative review of photobiomodulation and photodynamic therapies

Abstract

This review examines the roles of phototherapy such as Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) and Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) in the field of implantology, assessing their benefits, limitations, and clinical applications. PBMT has emerged as a promising adjunctive treatment, offering benefits such as enhanced tissue healing, improved implant stability, and reduced postoperative discomfort through stimulation of cellular processes. However, inconsistencies in treatment protocols and the need for more comprehensive long-term studies underscore the need for standardized approaches. PDT, on the other hand, shows efficacy in managing peri-implantitis by targeting bacterial infections with photosensitizers and light. Despite its potential, challenges such as incomplete bacterial eradication suggest a need for further refinement and integration with mechanical debridement. The review highlights the necessity for developing standardized treatment protocols, conducting extended research, and exploring combination therapies to optimize the application of PBMT and PDT in implantology. Future investigations should focus on these areas to enhance clinical outcomes and establish best practices in implant therapy.