Advancing Digital Twin-Based Collision Avoidance: A Comprehensive Analysis of Communication Networks for Safety-Critical Applications in Industry 4.0

Abstract

This study presents a theoretical framework for defining the performance level of wireless safety functions within industrial environments. While acknowledging the simplifications inherent in our approach—primarily based on packet loss rates as a measure of system performance—the study underscores the dynamic challenges posed by real-world warehouses. Through an in situ measurement study of a forklift truck safety system, we validate the proposed method and emphasize the need for a more nuanced examination of wireless communication in complex settings. The study advocates for an expanded theoretical framework that considers fluctuations in warehouse dynamics, accounting for their impact on packet loss rates and, consequently, the precision of performance-level assessments. Furthermore, the research highlights the complexity introduced by wireless system characteristics not addressed in the simplified model, urging future investigations to incorporate these factors for a comprehensive understanding of wireless safety systems. The absence of specific criteria for wireless systems within existing standards emphasizes the necessity for a specialized framework in addressing safety aspects unique to wireless applications.

Key Issues on Integrating 5G into Industrial Systems

“…In industry, most executives and experts believe that 5G networks can provide solutions to industrial applications in terms of Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) and massive Machine Type Connection (mMTC) [17,18]. The advancement of the 5G standard, particularly 3GPP Release 18, has significantly contributed to the enhancement of cross-sector applications [19]. Indeed, 5G networks can provide more comprehensive bandwidth connectivity for I4.0 environments, which entail extremely fast and tremendous data transmission [20].…”