“…In the past years, research on the placement of HVDC systems in meshed AC grids has been intensified. First approaches focus on the identification of advantageous nodes to connect HVDC systems [6]. Further methods consider the exclusive placement of HVDC systems without reinforcing AC lines for minimising investment and operational costs as well as maximising the social welfare [7,8].…”
Section: Literature Reviewmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Power flows on existing circuits and new circuits are limited by their thermal line rating, compare (5) and (6), respectively. To use circuit-specific expansion costs, (7) and (8) ensure the order in which parallel circuits can be installed.…”
Section: Transmission Expansion Model (Base Case)mentioning
“…In the past years, research on the placement of HVDC systems in meshed AC grids has been intensified. First approaches focus on the identification of advantageous nodes to connect HVDC systems [6]. Further methods consider the exclusive placement of HVDC systems without reinforcing AC lines for minimising investment and operational costs as well as maximising the social welfare [7,8].…”
Section: Literature Reviewmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Power flows on existing circuits and new circuits are limited by their thermal line rating, compare (5) and (6), respectively. To use circuit-specific expansion costs, (7) and (8) ensure the order in which parallel circuits can be installed.…”
Section: Transmission Expansion Model (Base Case)mentioning
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