Advantages of anti-inflammatory acupuncture in treating sepsis of coronavirus disease 2019

Jin, Guishan; Jin, Louis Lei; Zheng, Jin; He, Belinda Jie

doi:10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_12_20

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…72 As a life-threatening organ dysfunction, sepsis is a serious complication in cases with novel SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia caused by a cytokine storm cascade following the infection. 73…”

Section: Cytokine Storm Pathological Inflammation and Covid-19-induced Akimentioning

confidence: 99%

Covid‐19 and kidney injury: Pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms

Ahmadian

Khatibi

Soofiyani

et al. 2020

Reviews in Medical Virology

279

256

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The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has turned into a life-threatening pandemic disease . About 5% of patients with Covid-19 have severe symptoms including septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and the failure of several organs, while most of them have mild symptoms. Frequently, the kidneys are involved through direct or indirect mechanisms. Kidney involvement mainly manifests itself as proteinuria and acute kidney injury (AKI). The SARS-CoV-2-induced kidney damage is expected to be multifactorial; directly it can infect the kidney podocytes and proximal tubular cells and based on an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) pathway it can lead to acute tubular necrosis, protein leakage in Bowman's capsule, collapsing glomerulopathy and mitochondrial impairment. The SARS-CoV-2-driven dysregulation of the immune responses including cytokine storm, macrophage activation syndrome, and lymphopenia can be other causes of the AKI. Organ interactions, endothelial dysfunction, hypercoagulability, rhabdomyolysis, and sepsis are other potential mechanisms of AKI. Moreover, lower oxygen delivery to kidney may cause an ischaemic injury. Understanding the fundamental molecular pathways and pathophysiology of kidney injury and AKI in Covid-19 is necessary to develop management strategies and design effective therapies.

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“…72 As a life-threatening organ dysfunction, sepsis is a serious complication in cases with novel SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia caused by a cytokine storm cascade following the infection. 73…”

Section: Cytokine Storm Pathological Inflammation and Covid-19-induced Akimentioning

confidence: 99%

Covid‐19 and kidney injury: Pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms

Ahmadian

Khatibi

Soofiyani

et al. 2020

Reviews in Medical Virology

279

256

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sepsis is among the principal complications and one of the leading causes of death in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). A cytokine storm cascade following the viral infection is the principal cause of sepsis (46,47). Based on the first clinical observations, most patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia showed enhancement of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), with the specifications of cytokine storm (47).…”

Section: Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A cytokine storm cascade following the viral infection is the principal cause of sepsis (46,47). Based on the first clinical observations, most patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia showed enhancement of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), with the specifications of cytokine storm (47). It is thought that sepsis is due to unregulatation of pro-inflammatory mediators forming a cytokine storm.…”

Section: Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute kidney injury in COVID-19; a review on current knowledge

et al. 2020

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Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that can cause a variety of diseases in humans. Some coronaviruses cause only mild illnesses like the common cold. While, some coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV (SARS-associated coronavirus) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have, in recent years, been able to cause severe respiratory involvement (pneumonia), leading to death in several patients. By identifying the genomic sequence of the new human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) it has been revealed that it belongs to the beta coronavirus genus. COVID-19 appears to be transmitted by a mechanism similar to the influenza virus via person to person, sneezing coughing, or contact with the secretions of infected patients. Early symptoms of these respiratory viruses include fever, cough, and shortness of breath, with an incubation period of 2-14 days. SARS-CoV-2 is an acute respiratory disease that initially causes lung damage. SARS-CoV-2 can affect other organs, including the kidneys. Kidney damage may be caused by alterations that occur during coronavirus infection. It seems that low-oxygen delivery to tissues like the kidney in the setting of this disease may lead to ischemic damage of the kidney. Considering the importance of the kidneys, as one, this review study aimed to investigate the effect of the new coronavirus on the kidneys and its role in the development of renal failure.

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“…Staats et al (2) reported on two patients who showed marked improvement of clinical symptoms after application of transcutaneous cervical vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), but the authors did not report on objective measurements of at least one of the proinflammatory cytokines. In addition, Jin et al (3) reported clinical evidence that auricular electroacupuncture, another form of auricular VNS, may inhibit the production of tumor necrotic factor (TNF) alpha, interleukin (IL)‐1 beta, IL‐6, and IL‐8, among others. They argued that it was advantageous for treating the inflammatory processes associated with COVID‐19.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We report on two patients with stage 3 COVID‐19 in whom IL‐6 levels were markedly elevated and in whom transcutaneous auricular VNS (taVNS) may have drastically reduced IL‐6 blood levels over a relatively short period of time. taVNS stimulation was selected on the strength of the Staats et al (2) and Jin et al (3) reports. Both patients gave consent to publish these case reports.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%