Advax Adjuvant

Petroski, N.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-804019-5.00010-4

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The sol-gel transition points after such interactions have been studied in the literature using the photon transmission technique [ 62 ] and are shown to increase gel formation, decrease solubility and significantly increase yield-point shear stress. Similarly, inulin also exhibited increased yield-point shear stress due to its six-turn helical configuration of the alpha-inulin polysaccharide in aqueous solution, which is affected by the aggregation of cations to the helix in a manner very similar to iota-carrageenan [ 63 , 64 , 65 ]. Although inulin has relatively low viscosity, the significant increase in viscosity under simulated digestion is not ideal for gastroparesis patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological Characteristics of Soluble Fibres during Chemically Simulated Digestion and their Suitability for Gastroparesis Patients

Suresh

Zhou

2020

Nutrients

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Dietary fibres are an integral part of a balanced diet. Consumption of a high-fibre diet confers many physiological and metabolic benefits. However, fibre is generally avoided by individuals with gastrointestinal motility disorders like gastroparesis due to increased likelihood of exacerbated symptoms. Low-viscosity soluble fibres have been identified as a possible source of fibre tolerable for these individuals. The aim of this study is to determine the rheological properties of 10 common commercially available soluble fibres in chemically simulated digestive conditions and evaluate their suitability for individuals with mild to moderate gastroparesis, a gastric motility disorder. Rheological testing under neutral condition (distilled water pH 7) and chemically simulated gastric digestion were evaluated to determine the yield point and relative viscosity of each fibre. Our results reveal two rheological categories of soluble fibres; pseudoplastic and dilatant. Simulated digestion was shown to significantly alter the yield-points of psyllium husk, iota-carrageenan, beta-glucan, apple-fibre pectin, and inulin. Gum Arabic and partially hydrolysed guar gum showed the lowest viscosities and were not affected under simulated digestion, characteristics that make them potential candidate fibres for patients with gastroparesis. Altogether, our results demonstrate that digestion can have a significant impact on fibre viscosity and should be taken into consideration when evaluating the suitability of fibres for patients with gastric motility disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological Characteristics of Soluble Fibres during Chemically Simulated Digestion and their Suitability for Gastroparesis Patients

Suresh

Zhou

2020

Nutrients

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“…Data will be separately analyzed on adult (18 to 54 years of age) and elderly (55-75 years of age) healthy subjects enrolled in the study. In another study, the S protein has been administered with the Advax adjuvant (n. NCT04453852), a potent and safe immunopotentiator composed of delta inulin [103].…”

Section: Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Shelter from the cytokine storm: pitfalls and prospects in the development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines for an elderly population

et al. 2020

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The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic urgently calls for the development of effective preventive tools. COVID-19 hits greatly the elder and more fragile fraction of the population boosting the evergreen issue of the vaccination of older people. The development of a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 tailored for the elderly population faces the challenge of the poor immune responsiveness of the older population due to immunosenescence, comorbidities, and pharmacological treatments. Moreover, it is likely that the inflammaging phenotype associated with age could both influence vaccination efficacy and exacerbate the risk of COVID-19-related “cytokine storm syndrome” with an overlap between the factors which impact vaccination effectiveness and those that boost virulence and worsen the prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The complex and still unclear immunopathological mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection, together with the progressive age-related decline of immune responses, and the lack of clear correlates of protection, make the design of vaccination strategies for older people extremely challenging. In the ongoing effort in vaccine development, different SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates have been developed, tested in pre-clinical and clinical studies and are undergoing clinical testing, but only a small fraction of these are currently being tested in the older fraction of the population. Recent advances in systems biology integrating clinical, immunologic, and omics data can help to identify stable and robust markers of vaccine response and move towards a better understanding of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine responses in the elderly.

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“…A myriad of alternative adjuvants has been developed either with different chemical compositions (e.g. Freund's adjuvant, squalene, liposomes, MF59, lipids, cell exosomes or bacteria wall, etc), [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] or structurally different Al-based adjuvants, 15,28 but only a few have reached approval for human use as many exhibit either unacceptable side effects, insufficient immune responses, stability issues or difficulties in scaling-up. [29][30][31][32] Alternatively, the lack of cellular response in traditional Al-adjuvants can be compensated by the addition of immune orienteers (oligonucleotides, 33 imidazoquinoline, 34 TLR7 agonists 35 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Al-fumarate, a Metal-Organic Framework encapsulating antigen as a potent, versatile and resorbable vaccine adjuvant

Christodoulou,

Gkaniatsou,

Bourdreux

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Although used for one century in billions of people as the vaccine adjuvant with the best benefit/side-effect balance, aluminium salts/gels have drawbacks of rapid leakage of antigens from the injection site and indefinite persistence. Herein, we propose an alternative to canonical Al-adjuvant. Proteins, nucleic acids, and bacteria were successfully encapsulated within an Al-based Metal-Organic Framework (MOF), namely Al-fumarate, using a synthesis process in water and room temperature, compatible with bio-entities preservation. Mice immunizations demonstrated antigenicity preservation of tetanus toxoid and inactivated E. coli, and a stronger adjuvant effect of Al-fumarate than benchmark Al-adjuvant (Alhydrogel) with an initial slow antigen release and a protective effect. The Al-fumarate vaccine formulation was fully resorbable in vivo, disappearing from the injection site, was not exhibiting any toxicity, and was stable for two years. The limitation of Al adjuvants as eliciting only antibody responses was also overcome by co-immobilisation of CpG 1018 with tetanus toxoid.

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Advax Adjuvant

Cited by 7 publications

References 46 publications

Rheological Characteristics of Soluble Fibres during Chemically Simulated Digestion and their Suitability for Gastroparesis Patients

Rheological Characteristics of Soluble Fibres during Chemically Simulated Digestion and their Suitability for Gastroparesis Patients

Shelter from the cytokine storm: pitfalls and prospects in the development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines for an elderly population

Al-fumarate, a Metal-Organic Framework encapsulating antigen as a potent, versatile and resorbable vaccine adjuvant

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