Advection-Dispersion-Reaction Modeling in Water Distribution Networks

Tzatchkov, Velitchko; Aldama, Álvaro A.; Arreguín, Felipe

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9496(2002)128:5(334)

Cited by 66 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…These fluctuations are consistent with previous results of the advection-driven Epanet 2 model, under conditions in which velocities are low (Tzatchkov et al, 2002). Tzatchkov et al (2002) demonstrated that an advection-dispersion model reduced the fluctuations and consequently provided more realistic EPS results.…”

Section: Network 1: Pressure-deficient Conditionssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The third aim of the paper is to illustrate the water quality modelling difficulties when low pipe flow velocities prevail due to excessive pressure reduction. As previous research (Tzatchkov et al, 2002) indicates, advection-driven models such as Epanet 2 may yield inconsistent water quality results if dispersion is significant due to low flow velocities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Details of the complete water quality model based on advection and the computational solution procedure can be found in the literature (Rossman, 2000). An alternative approach that includes both advection and dispersion is described by Tzatchkov et al (2002).…”

Section: Water Quality Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pressure-dependent network water quality modelling

Seyoum

Tanyimboh

2014

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Water Manag

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Water quality models are increasingly being routinely used to help ascertain the quality of water in drinking water distribution systems for design and operational management purposes. Conventional water quality models are demand driven and consequently do not incorporate the effects of any deficiency in pressure on the water quality throughout the distribution network. This paper assesses a new integrated pressure-dependent hydraulic and water quality model. The model is an extension of the well-known Epanet 2 model that has an embedded logistic pressuredependent nodal flow function. Hydraulic and water quality analyses based on two water supply zones in the UK were conducted for a range of simulated operating conditions including normal and subnormal pressure and pipe closures. It is shown that operating conditions with subnormal pressures, if severe and protracted, can lead to spatial and temporal distributions of the water age and concentrations of chlorine and disinfection by-products that are significantly different from operating conditions in which the pressure is satisfactory. The results presented may be indicative of modelling errors that may not have been recognised explicitly hitherto.

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Section: Network 1: Pressure-deficient Conditionssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Pressure-dependent network water quality modelling

Seyoum

Tanyimboh

2014

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Water Manag

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“…The propagation of contaminants or substance in WDNs is made up of the following processes: advection in pipes; kinetic reaction mechanism; and mixing at nodes. The steadily flowing contaminants in a pipe can be expressed by a one-dimensional mass conservation differential equation of the form [97,111]:…”

Section: Water Quality Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solving Management Problems in Water Distribution Networks: A Survey of Approaches and Mathematical Models

Bello

Abu‐Mahfouz

Hamam

et al. 2019

Water

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Modern water distribution networks (WDNs) are complex and difficult to manage due to increased level of urbanization, varying consumer demands, ageing infrastructure, operational costs, and inadequate water resources. The management problems in such complex networks may be classified into short-term, medium-term, and long-term, depending on the duration at which the problems are solved or considered. To address the management problems associated with WDNs, mathematical models facilitate analysis and improvement of the performance of water infrastructure at minimum operational cost, and have been used by researchers, water utility managers, and operators. This paper presents a detailed review of the management problems and essential mathematical models that are used to address these problems at various phases of WDNs. In addition, it also discusses the main approaches to address these management problems to meet customer demands at the required pressure in terms of adequate water quantity and quality. Key challenges that are associated with the management of WDNs are discussed. Also, new directions for future research studies are suggested to enable water utility managers and researchers to improve the performance of water distribution networks.

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“…Water quality models often assume advective-reactive transport and consider the reactions in the bulk flow and at the pipe wall; an approach that includes both advection and dispersion is available in Tzatchkov et al (2002). The governing equations address the conservation of mass and reaction kinetics and often assume complete and instantaneous mixing of water at the nodes and junctions, and storage facilities (Rossman and Boulos 1996;Rossman 2000;Clark and Grayman 1998;Monteiro et al 2015).…”

Section: Water Quality Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Hydraulic and Water Quality Modelling in Distribution Networks: EPANET-PMX

Seyoum

Tanyimboh

2017

Water Resour Manage

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Simulation models for water distribution networks are used routinely for many purposes. Some examples are planning, design, monitoring and control. However, under conditions of low pressure, the conventional models that employ demand-driven analysis often provide misleading results. On the other hand, almost all the models that employ pressure-driven analysis do not perform dynamic and/or water quality simulations seamlessly. Typically, they exclude key elements such as pumps, control devices and tanks. EPANET-PDX is a pressure-driven extension of the EPANET 2 simulation model that preserved the capabilities of EPANET 2 including water quality modelling. However, it cannot simulate multiple chemical substances at once. The single-species approach to water quality modelling is inefficient and somewhat unrealistic. The reason is that different chemical substances may co-exist in water distribution networks. This article proposes a fully integrated network analysis model (EPANET-PMX) (pressure-dependent multi-species extension) that addresses these weaknesses. The model performs both steady state and dynamic simulations. It is applicable to any network with various combinations of chemical reactions and reaction kinetics. Examples that demonstrate its effectiveness are included.

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Advection-Dispersion-Reaction Modeling in Water Distribution Networks

Cited by 66 publications

References 8 publications

Pressure-dependent network water quality modelling

Pressure-dependent network water quality modelling

Solving Management Problems in Water Distribution Networks: A Survey of Approaches and Mathematical Models

Integration of Hydraulic and Water Quality Modelling in Distribution Networks: EPANET-PMX

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