The utilization of Quantum Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) and Quantum Protocols in distributed agent environments has gained attention due to the need for enhanced protocol efficiency in quantum computing applications. Conventional methods often face limitations in achieving optimal performance, hindering the full potential of quantum computing in distributed settings. Existing approaches lack the necessary robustness to fully exploit the advantages offered by Quantum MAS, leading to inefficiencies in computational performance within distributed agent environments. In this context, we propose a novel Quantum MAS framework, which harnesses the principles of quantum superposition, entanglement, and advanced Quantum Protocols, including the quantum key distribution mechanism. The framework facilitates collaborative decision-making among agents through the utilization of joint quantum states and enables seamless synchronization of actions via the entanglement operator. The computational efficiency is optimized using quantum gate operations, thereby enhancing the overall computational performance in the distributed agent environment. We quantify the efficiency, showcasing the significant improvements achieved by the proposed Quantum MAS framework. Our research employs diverse datasets, including synthetic and real-world data, to comprehensively evaluate the performance and efficacy of the proposed Quantum MAS framework. Experimental results demonstrate a notable efficiency enhancement, with the proposed Quantum MAS achieving an average efficiency value of 0.92 across various experimental configurations and datasets. The findings underscore the significant potential of Quantum MAS in effectively addressing efficiency concerns within distributed agent environments, thus paving the way for broader applications of quantum computing in real-world scenarios.