Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), Stress and Mental Health in College Students

Karatekin, Canan

doi:10.1002/smi.2761

Cited by 170 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…A study done in Minnesota suggests that ACEs predicted the worsening of mental health. And another study done in Ireland shows ACE exposures (overall, subtype, or ACE scores) were associated with higher odds of depressive symptoms [21,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Adverse Childhood Experience on Depression Symptom, Prevalence, and Severity among School Going Adolescents

Tsehay

Necho

Mekonnen

2020

Depression Research and Treatment

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Background and Objectives. Adverse childhood experiences include stressful and potentially traumatic events associated with a higher risk of long-term behavioral problems and chronic illnesses. In this study, we had estimated the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and association with depression symptoms prevalence and severity as a function of ACE counts. Methods. A cross-sectional school-based study was employed. Five hundred forty-six secondary school students were selected using multistage sampling technique from 5 selected secondary schools. We obtained retrospective information on adverse childhood experiences of adolescents by ACEs, self-reported 10-item questionnaire, and current depression prevalence and severity by PHQ-9. Multivariate linear regression models were used to estimate child depression severity by retrospective ACE count. Results. Among the 546 adolescents who participated in this study, 285 (50.7%) of the participants answered yes to at least one or more questions among the total 10 questions of ACEs. Experiences of ACEs increased the risk for depressive symptoms, with unstandardized β = 1.123 (β = 1.123, 95% CI (0.872, 1.373). We found a strong, dose–response relationship between the ACE score and the probability of lifetime and recent depressive disorders (p<0.0001). Conclusions. The number of ACEs has a graded relationship to both the prevalence and severity of depressive symptoms. These results suggest that exposure to ACEs is associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms up to decades after their occurrence. Early recognition of childhood abuse and appropriate intervention may thus play an important role in the prevention of depressive disorders throughout the life span.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Adverse Childhood Experience on Depression Symptom, Prevalence, and Severity among School Going Adolescents

Tsehay

Necho

Mekonnen

2020

Depression Research and Treatment

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“…Notably, Khrapatina and Berman () found that three fourths of the college students reported at least one adverse childhood experience (75.5%) and approximately one in five reported an ACE score of 4 or more (21.7%). As with other populations, research among college students also reveals childhood trauma to be associated with physical and mental health problems (Assari & Lankarani, ; Karatekin, ; Kim, ; Mortier et al, ; Runtz, ; Singh, Manjula, & Philip, ; You, Chen, Yang, Zhou, & Qin, ; Velikis, Anagnostopoulou, Mastorakou, Triliva, & Gouva, ). These findings have been replicated in different localities and nations outside the United States including China, India, Turkey, and South Korea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Post‐secondary education is a critical path to economic stability and social opportunity (Arnett, ; Arnett, ) and is particularly important for youth who come from disadvantaged and/or dysfunctional families. Researchers who studied ACEs among college students consistently revealed that the majority of college students have had adverse childhood experiences (Karatekin, ; Khrapatina & Berman, ). Notably, Khrapatina and Berman () found that three fourths of the college students reported at least one adverse childhood experience (75.5%) and approximately one in five reported an ACE score of 4 or more (21.7%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse childhood experiences and neuroinflammatory biomarkers—The role of sex

et al. 2019

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Despite the growing interest in adverse childhood experiences and biomarkers, less attention has been paid to multiple biomarkers as representing interrelated systems among college students. Guided by the neuroinflammatory pathway hypothesis, the current project takes the initial step in examining the link between three types of childhood adversity and biomarkers of neuroplasticity (brain-derived neurotropic factor [BDNF]) and low-grade inflammation (C-reactive protein [CRP]) in an overarching model and whether this link may differ in men and women. Undergraduate students (n = 85) were recruited through multiple departments from a state university. The participants responded to the detailed online survey questionnaire on childhood adversity and provided one blood sample via venous blood draw. Given that CRP and BDNF represent two interrelated systems, structural equation models were considered the most suitable for the analyses. The findings partially support neural and inflammatory pathways, such that childhood adversity and particularly family dysfunction have a significant positive effect on BDNF (b = 30.41, p < .01). The link between family dysfunction and CRP was stronger in female students (b = 0.57, p < .05). Results suggest that interventions for college students with family dysfunctions may need to target different physiological and behavioral outcomes for male and female students.

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“…Parent‐adolescent relationships are an important source of influence on adolescent health (eg, less depressive symptoms) and psychological adjustment . Adverse childhood events (ACEs), including emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, neglect and dysfunction of the home, are associated with the emergence of psychiatric symptoms that continue throughout the lifespan . ACEs predicted worsening of depressive and anxiety symptoms throughout a semester in 239 college students .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…16,17 ACEs predicted worsening of depressive and anxiety symptoms throughout a semester in 239 college students. 17 Poorer mental health, 6,12 more personality disorders, 12 poorer self-rated health, 18 and substance abuse disorders 12 are associated with ACEs. Also, family abuse was associated with PTSD and CVE was associated with anxiety and aggression in 91 inner-city African American schoolaged adolescents (mean age 12.3) and parent dyads.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Violence exposure, conflict, and health outcomes in inner‐city African American adolescents

et al. 2019

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Purpose To examine relationships among community and school violence exposure, parent‐adolescent conflict, coping style, and self‐reported health in a sample of 432 high‐risk, inner‐city African American adolescents at age 14 years. Design and methods Multiple regression and principal component analysis were used to analyze the secondary data. After controlling for multiple covariates (eg, sex, age, blood lead levels, and socioeconomic status), both violence exposure and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) were related to health outcomes. The survey of exposure to community violence, the safe‐school survey, and the conflict tactics scale were used to measure community violence, school violence, and parent‐adolescent conflict. Coping was evaluated using the general coping scale. The child health illness profile‐adolescent edition was used to obtain self‐reported health measures, and the clinician‐assisted PTSD scale was used to measure PTSS. Results Higher exposure to community violence was associated with less emotional comfort, less family involvement, higher individual risk, and poorer academic and work performance. Parent‐adolescent conflict predicted less physical and emotional comfort and poorer home safety and health. Conclusions Our findings suggest that it is important to evaluate both violence exposure and the responses to the exposure, which can include both PTSS and diverse coping strategies.

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Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), Stress and Mental Health in College Students

Cited by 170 publications

References 47 publications

The Role of Adverse Childhood Experience on Depression Symptom, Prevalence, and Severity among School Going Adolescents

The Role of Adverse Childhood Experience on Depression Symptom, Prevalence, and Severity among School Going Adolescents

Adverse childhood experiences and neuroinflammatory biomarkers—The role of sex

Violence exposure, conflict, and health outcomes in inner‐city African American adolescents

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