Adverse Childhood Experiences and Household Food Insecurity: Findings From the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health

Jackson, Dylan B.; Chilton, Mariana; Johnson, Kecia R.; Vaughn, Michael G.

doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2019.06.004

Cited by 78 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Response options included (1) We could always afford to eat good nutritious meals, (2) We could always afford enough to eat but not always the kinds of food we should eat, (3) Sometimes we could not afford enough to eat and (4) Often we could not afford enough to eat. In accordance with recent studies (32)(33)(34) , respondents who reported that they could sometimes or often not afford enough to eat were designated as experiencing moderate-to-severe food insecurity (2), respondents who reported that they could always afford enough to eat, but could not always afford to purchase nutritious foods, were designated as experiencing mild food insecurity (1) and respondents who reported being consistently able to afford good, nutritious meals were designated as being food secure (0).…”

Section: Independent Variable: Household Food Insecuritysupporting

confidence: 94%

Household food insecurity and school readiness among preschool-aged children in the USA

Jackson

Testa

Semenza

2021

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: The present study examines the association between mild and moderate-to-severe household food insecurity and school readiness among a nationally representative sample of preschool-aged children. Design: Cross-sectional data pertaining to household availability of food as well as four domains of school readiness – early learning skills, self-regulation, social-emotional development, and physical health & motor development – were employed. Setting: The United States. Participants: 15,402 children ages 3 to 5 from the 2016-2018 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH). Results: Both mild and moderate-to-severe food insecurity are associated with an increase in needing support or being at-risk in each of the four school readiness domains, particularly Self-Regulation (IRR = 4.31; CI = 2.68-6.95) and Social-Emotional Development (IRR = 3.43; CI = 2.16-5.45). Furthermore, while nearly half of children in food-secure households are on-track across all four school readiness domains (47.49%), only 1 in 4 children experiencing moderate-to-severe household food insecurity are on track across all domains (25.26%). Conclusions: Household food insecurity is associated with reductions in school readiness among preschool-aged children.

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Section: Independent Variable: Household Food Insecuritysupporting

confidence: 94%

Household food insecurity and school readiness among preschool-aged children in the USA

Jackson

Testa

Semenza

2021

Public Health Nutr.

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“…Understanding that EODs are a form of adversity linked to trauma-related symptoms, we also assessed EOD relations to these outcomes while taking into account exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), which include experiences with abuse, neglect, and household adversity such as witnessing violence or having a parent in prison. ACEs have long been associated with major negative health outcomes, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and depression [13,14,15], and have also shown significant association with household food insecurity [16,17,18]. We hypothesized that EODs would be associated with poorer health outcomes even after accounting for past exposure to ACEs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiences of Racial and Ethnic Discrimination Are Associated with Food Insecurity and Poor Health

Phojanakong

Weida

Grimaldi

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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This study examines the associations of mothers’ experiences of discrimination (EODs) with household food insecurity (HFI), physical health, and depressive symptoms, while taking into account the influence of mothers’ Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and public assistance participation. Mothers (N = 1372) of young children under age 4 who self-identified as Latinx, Non-Latinx Black/African American and Non-Latinx white answered questions for a cross-sectional survey in an emergency room in a large children’s hospital in Philadelphia between 2016 and 2018. Logistic regression was used to model associations of EODs in specific settings with HFI, depressive symptoms, and physical health. Compared to those without EODs, mothers with EODs from police/courts and in workplaces had higher odds of HFI, AOR =2.04 (95% CI: 1.44–2.89) and AOR = 1.57 (95% CI: 1.18–2.11), respectively. Among Latinx mothers, EODs in school were associated with nearly 60% higher odds of HFI and nearly 80% higher odds of depressive symptoms. Latinx and Black mothers with EODs in workplaces had higher odds of HFI (AOR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.21–2.56 and AOR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.05–2.36, respectively), compared to mothers without EODs. Discrimination is associated with HFI, depressive symptoms, and poor health. Public health interventions intended to improve food security and health may be only partially effective without simultaneously addressing racism and discrimination.

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“…Kaufman et al observed that ten methylation sites interact with ACEs to predict cross-sectional measures of BMI and an additional six sites were found to exert a main effect in predicting BMI in youth [25]. In addition to influencing biological pathways, early life stressors may affect child behavioral patterns, such as eating, sedentary behavior, and sleep, which could potentially result in increased childhood obesity [4,5,[7][8][9][10][11][12]31].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, ACE affects telomere length [7,8], which is associated with obesity [9,10]. In addition, food insecurity is associated with obesity in adults [11] and a recent study showed that a high cumulative adverse childhood experiences is associated with food insecurity [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between cumulative exposure to adverse childhood experiences and childhood obesity

2020

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Background Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) is associated with many childhood diseases and poor health outcomes in adulthood. However, the association with childhood obesity is inconsistent. We investigated the association between reported cumulative ACE score and body mass index (BMI) in a large sample of patients at a single institution. Methods This cross-sectional study included children aged 2-20 years that were screened in a general pediatrics clinic for ACEs utilizing the Center for Youth Wellness ACEs questionnaire between July 2017 and July 2018. Overall ACE score was categorized as 'no exposure' (score = 0), 'low exposure' (score = 1), and 'high exposure' (score� 2). BMI was categorized as overweight/obese (BMI percentile � 85) or non-obese (BMI percentile < 85). The association between ACEs score and obesity was determined using univariate and multivariable logistic regression. Results Of the 948 patients included in the study, 30% (n = 314) were overweight/obese and 53% (n = 504) had no ACE exposure, 19% (n = 179) had low ACE exposure, and 28% (n = 265) had high ACE exposure. High ACE exposure was associated with increased odds of obesity (OR = 1.47, 95%CI = 1.07-2.03, p = 0.026). However, after adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, insurance type, and birth weight, the association attenuated and was null (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.70-1.46, p = 0.97).

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Adverse Childhood Experiences and Household Food Insecurity: Findings From the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health

Cited by 78 publications

References 40 publications

Household food insecurity and school readiness among preschool-aged children in the USA

Household food insecurity and school readiness among preschool-aged children in the USA

Experiences of Racial and Ethnic Discrimination Are Associated with Food Insecurity and Poor Health

Association between cumulative exposure to adverse childhood experiences and childhood obesity

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