Adverse childhood experiences and maternal self‐efficacy: Examining the mediating role of intimate partner violence and the moderating role of caste membership in rural India

Jiwani, Zishan; Drylewski, Grace; Sharma, Shipra; Ahun, Marilyn N.; Thapa, Shobhali; Steele, Miriam

doi:10.1002/imhj.21997

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(123 reference statements)

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“…Data collected for this study was part of a larger study on experiences of maternal trauma with mothers of children between the ages of zero and two years, with results published elsewhere (Jiwani et al, 2022a). Thus, although the intervention included mothers with children between the ages of zero and six, the focus of this study was on mothers with at least one child between the ages of zero and two.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing a Community-Based Maternal Self-Efficacy Intervention in Rural India using a Quasi-Experimental Design

Jiwani

2024

The Counseling Psychologist

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More than 175 million people in India live below the poverty line and are concentrated in rural areas. Families in rural Indian communities may benefit from interventions that support long-term well-being. Maternal self-efficacy (MSE) may be an important target for interventions given prior associations with positive maternal and child outcomes. The present study examined MSE in a pilot community-based group intervention delivered in rural North India. Using convenience sampling recruitment and a quasi-experimental design, 97 mothers (79 self-identified as low-caste) with at least one child between 0–24 months who engaged in the intervention were compared with a matched control group ( n = 219; 114 low-caste). Findings suggest that participation in the intervention was associated with higher MSE (ß = .294, p = .020) and the positive association was stronger amongst mothers from low-caste groups who participated in the intervention (ß = .390, p = .008). MSE may be malleable with the right approach and could be an important target for public health interventions, particularly for low-caste groups in rural India.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing a Community-Based Maternal Self-Efficacy Intervention in Rural India using a Quasi-Experimental Design

Jiwani

2024

The Counseling Psychologist

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“…Data utilized in this study was part of a larger effort to understand the associations between trauma and self‐efficacy amongst women in Bahraich District in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, with results published elsewhere (Jiwani et al., 2022). Women were recruited in person through community centers and schools as well as over the phone using a snowball sampling method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the difficulty of assessing income in rural India, a wealth index was calculated using the house type and the number of rooms in the home. The physical characteristics of a home have been used as a stand‐in for wealth by the Indian government (Census of India, 2011) and researchers (Kattula et al., 2016). In terms of caste, we grouped women into three divisions: GC, OBC, or SC/ST.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caste and COVID‐19: Psychosocial disparities amongst rural Indian women during the coronavirus pandemic

Jiwani

Raval

Steele

et al. 2022

Journal of Social Issues

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The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated preexisting mental health disparities. In India, marginalization based on caste membership, gender, and rural residence are critical determinants of inequity across the lifespan. Guided by the theoretical frameworks of minority stress and intersectionality, this study examined caste-based disparities in fear of coronavirus (FOC), mental health symptoms, and perceived loneliness amongst rural women in north India during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants (N = 316) completed self-report measures and were classified into three groups based on their responses: General caste (GC, n = 124), other backward castes (OBC, n = 122), and scheduled caste or tribe (SC/ST, n = 71). Using a threeway ANOVA and Tukey t-tests, women in SC/ST and OBC groups reported greater FOC (OBC d = .37; SC/ST d = .40) and greater mental health symptoms (OBC d = .58; SC/ST d = .43) relative to the GC group. OBC, but not SC/ST, group also reported higher perceived loneliness (d = .32). The results were consistent after adjusting for demographic variables such as wealth and highlight caste asThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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“…Research has also established that mothers who endured ACEs as children tend, as a group, to be less engaged in positive parenting behaviors ( 64 ). They exhibit less competence in parenting ( 59 ), less sensitivity ( 60 ), and less maternal self-efficacy ( 65 ), and are less available emotionally to their children ( 66 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Links between mothers’ ACEs, their psychopathology and parenting, and their children’s behavior problems–A mediation model

Hanetz-Gamliel

Dollberg²

2022

Front. Psychiatry

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IntroductionChildren of mothers with a history of adverse childhoods are at greater risk of behavior problems. However, the mechanisms through which a mother’s early adverse experiences (ACEs) are transmitted to her children need further study. Our goal was to examine a conceptual mediational model linking mothers’ ACEs, maternal psychopathology symptoms, and parenting behaviors with children’s internalizing and externalizing behaviors sequentially.MethodsA sample of 153 Israeli mothers of children ages 3-12 (52% girls) participated in the study, and most of the mothers (94.7%) were cohabiting with a spouse. Mothers completed online questionnaires about their early adverse experiences, psychopathology symptoms, parenting behavior, and their children’s internalizing and externalizing behavior.ResultsResults showed that mothers with higher ACE scores reported more maternal psychopathology symptoms and more internalizing behavior in their children. The mother’s psychopathology in and of itself mediated the link between her ACEs and her child’s internalizing and externalizing behavior. Moreover, an indirect sequential path emerged linking ACEs with the mother’s psychopathology symptoms, which, in return, were linked with hostile parenting. Hostile parenting, in turn, was linked with children’s internalizing and externalizing behavior.DiscussionThese findings highlight the complicated and intertwined ways in which adverse experiences early in the mother’s life might put her child’s wellbeing at risk. The findings suggest that ACEs are linked to maternal affect dysregulation, which interferes with parenting, increasing the risk of behavior problems in children. The findings underscore the need to assess mothers’ adverse history, psychological distress, and parenting behavior, and provide treatments that can reduce the intergenerational transmission of early adverse experiences.

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Adverse childhood experiences and maternal self‐efficacy: Examining the mediating role of intimate partner violence and the moderating role of caste membership in rural India

Cited by 6 publications

References 76 publications

Assessing a Community-Based Maternal Self-Efficacy Intervention in Rural India using a Quasi-Experimental Design

Assessing a Community-Based Maternal Self-Efficacy Intervention in Rural India using a Quasi-Experimental Design

Caste and COVID‐19: Psychosocial disparities amongst rural Indian women during the coronavirus pandemic

Links between mothers’ ACEs, their psychopathology and parenting, and their children’s behavior problems–A mediation model

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