Adverse Childhood Experiences and Risk of Binge Drinking and Drunkenness in Middle-Aged Finnish Men

Kauhanen, Laura; Leino, Janne; Lakka, Hanna‐Maaria; Lynch, John; Kauhanen, Jussi

doi:10.4061/2011/478741

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Including these constructs, and expanding the scale should be an area of future research. The scale used herein is one of many ways exposure to trauma in childhood has been correlated with substance use (Young-Wolff, Kendler, & Prescott, 2012; Schilling, Aseltine, & Gore, 2007; Douglas et al, 2010; Kabiru, Beguy, & Ezeh, 2010; Kauhanen, Leino, Lakka, Lynch, & Kauhanen, 2011; Koss et al, 2003; Schellekens et al, 2013; Zlotnick, Tam, & Robertson; 2004; Low et al, 2012; Rothman, Bernstein, & Strunin, 2010; Meara & Frank, 2005), and it is unclear whether these associations would replicate with alternative measures of childhood trauma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse childhood experiences and substance use among Hispanic emerging adults in Southern California

Allem¹,

Soto²,

Baezconde‐Garbanati³

et al. 2015

Addictive Behaviors

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Introduction Emerging adults who experienced stressful childhoods may engage in substance use as a maladaptive coping strategy. Given the collectivistic values Hispanics encounter growing up, adverse childhood experiences may play a prominent role in substance use decisions as these events violate the assumptions of group oriented cultural paradigms. Alternatively, adverse childhood events might not increase the risk of substance use because strong family ties could mitigate the potential maladaptive behaviors associated with these adverse experiences. This study examined whether adverse childhood experiences were associated with substance use among Hispanic emerging adults. Method Participants (n=1420, mean age=22, 41% male) completed surveys indicating whether they experienced any of 8 specific adverse experiences within their first 18 years of life, and past-month cigarette use, marijuana use, hard drug use, and binge drinking. Logistic regression models examined the associations between adverse childhood experiences and each category of substance use, controlling for age, gender, and depressive symptoms. Results The number of adverse childhood experiences was significantly associated with each category of substance use. A difference in the number of adverse childhood experiences, from 0 to 8, was associated with a 22% higher probability of cigarette smoking, a 24% higher probability of binge drinking, a 31% higher probability of marijuana use, and a 12% higher probability of hard drug use respectively. Conclusions These findings should be integrated into prevention/intervention programs in hopes of quelling the duration and severity of substance use behaviors among Hispanic emerging adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse childhood experiences and substance use among Hispanic emerging adults in Southern California

Allem¹,

Soto²,

Baezconde‐Garbanati³

et al. 2015

Addictive Behaviors

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“…Several studies have shown that smoking is closely associated with education, alcohol intake, and social support (Donovan and Jessor, 1985 ; Shiffman et al, 1994 ; Ary et al, 1999 ; Haustein, 2006 ; Gilman et al, 2008 ; Jackson et al, 2010 ). Other reports suggest that these factors are likely associated with childhood adversity and ADS later in life (Kauhanen et al, 2011 ; Lemos et al, 2012 ; Kim et al, 2013 ; Mersky et al, 2013 ; Campbell et al, 2016 ; Nurius et al, 2016 ). Consequently, several studies have indicated that education, alcohol intake, and social support mediate the association between childhood adversity and ADS in adulthood (Nurius et al, 2015 ; Openshaw et al, 2015 ; Shevlin et al, 2015 ; Lê-Scherban et al, 2016 ; Muller, 2016 ; Ni et al, 2016 ; Sheikh et al, 2016a , b ; Tani et al, 2016 ; Korhonen et al, 2017 ; Kwon and Park, 2017 ; Lee et al, 2017 ; Markkula et al, 2017 ; Wielaard et al, 2017 ) and suggested that these are important mediator-response confounding factors that must be included in analytical models in order to assess the indirect effect of childhood adversity on ADS in adulthood via smoking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology

Sheikh

2017

Front. Psychol.

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The life course perspective, the risky families model, and stress-and-coping models provide the rationale for assessing the role of smoking as a mediator in the association between childhood adversity and anxious and depressive symptomatology (ADS) in adulthood. However, no previous study has assessed the independent mediating role of smoking in the association between childhood adversity and ADS in adulthood. Moreover, the importance of mediator-response confounding variables has rarely been demonstrated empirically in social and psychiatric epidemiology. The aim of this paper was to (i) assess the mediating role of smoking in adulthood in the association between childhood adversity and ADS in adulthood, and (ii) assess the change in estimates due to different mediator-response confounding factors (education, alcohol intake, and social support). The present analysis used data collected from 1994 to 2008 within the framework of the Tromsø Study (N = 4,530), a representative prospective cohort study of men and women. Seven childhood adversities (low mother's education, low father's education, low financial conditions, exposure to passive smoke, psychological abuse, physical abuse, and substance abuse distress) were used to create a childhood adversity score. Smoking status was measured at a mean age of 54.7 years (Tromsø IV), and ADS in adulthood was measured at a mean age of 61.7 years (Tromsø V). Mediation analysis was used to assess the indirect effect and the proportion of mediated effect (%) of childhood adversity on ADS in adulthood via smoking in adulthood. The test-retest reliability of smoking was good (Kappa: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.63; 0.71) in this sample. Childhood adversity was associated with a 10% increased risk of smoking in adulthood (Relative risk: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03; 1.18), and both childhood adversity and smoking in adulthood were associated with greater levels of ADS in adulthood (p < 0.001). Smoking in adulthood did not significantly mediate the association between childhood adversity and ADS in adulthood. However, when education was excluded as a mediator-response confounding variable, the indirect effect of childhood adversity on ADS in adulthood was statistically significant (p < 0.05). This study shows that a careful inclusion of potential confounding variables is important when assessing mediation.

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“…Most often this prospective data comes in the form of school records, which are frequently incomplete and focus on a small set of ACE variables, or historical court and child protection service records which are typically available when cases are extreme [38, 39]. There are far fewer prospective studies of adverse childhood experiences than it may appear since multiple publications using prospective data is often from a single study, as with the 1958 British birth cohort [32, 33, 35, 36, 40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of retrospective and repeat prospective reports of adverse childhood experiences from the South African Birth to Twenty Plus cohort

et al. 2017

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Most studies rely on cross-sectional retrospective reports from adult samples to collect information about adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) to examine relationships with adult outcomes. The problems associated with these reports have long been debated, with only a few studies determining their reliability and validity and fewer still reaching consensus on the matter. This paper uses repeat prospective and retrospective reports of adverse childhood experiences from two respondent sources in the South African Birth to Twenty Plus (Bt20+) cohort to explore agreement and concordance in the prospective reporting of ACEs by caregivers and respective children as adolescents and then as young adults. The findings demonstrate little overall agreement between prospective and retrospective accounts of childhood experiences, with 80% of kappa values below the moderate agreement cutoff (k = .41). The highest levels of agreement were found between prospective and retrospective reporting on parental and household death (kappas ranging from .519 to .944). Comparisons between prospective caregiver reports and retrospective young adult reports yielded high concordance rates on sexual and physical abuse and exposure to intimate partner violence (91.0%, 87.7% and 80.2%, respectively). The prevalence of reported ACEs varied with the age of the respondent, with adolescents reporting much higher rates of exposure to violence, physical and sexual abuse than are reported retrospectively or by caregivers. This variation may partly reflect actual changes in circumstances with maturation, but may be influenced by developmental stage and issues of memory, cognition and emotional state more than has been considered in previous analyses. More research, across disciplines, is needed to understand these processes and their effect on recall. Long-term prospective studies are critical for this purpose. In conclusion, methodological research that uses a range of information sources to establish the reliability and validity of both retrospective and prospective reports ‒ recognizing that the two approaches may fundamentally answer different questions ‒ should be encouraged.

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Adverse Childhood Experiences and Risk of Binge Drinking and Drunkenness in Middle-Aged Finnish Men

Cited by 17 publications

References 33 publications

Adverse childhood experiences and substance use among Hispanic emerging adults in Southern California

Adverse childhood experiences and substance use among Hispanic emerging adults in Southern California

Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology

An analysis of retrospective and repeat prospective reports of adverse childhood experiences from the South African Birth to Twenty Plus cohort

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