Adverse childhood experiences, chronic diseases, and risky health behaviors in Saudi Arabian adults: A pilot study

Almuneef, Maha; Qayad, Mohammed; Alenezi, Shuliweeh; AlBuhairan, Fadia

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.06.003

Cited by 116 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The overall pattern is consistent with results from a study of ACEs in the Philippines that used an earlier though similar questionnaire 2 and a recent survey using the ACE-IQ tool in Saudi Arabia. 16 In Vietnamese context, the study has estimated the prevalence of adversities in the early lives of students who had been able to enter medical universities. The most common types of child maltreatment (emotional abuse and physical abuse) are similar to findings with high school students in Vietnam 10 and Malaysia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Childhood Experiences and the Health of University Students in Eight Provinces of Vietnam

Tran

Dunne

et al. 2015

Asia Pac J Public Health

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent systematic reviews have emphasized the need for more research into the health and social impacts of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in the Asia-Pacific region. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 2099 young adult students in 8 medical universities throughout Vietnam. An anonymous, self-report questionnaire included the World Health Organization ACE-International Questionnaire and standardized measures of mental and physical health. Three quarters (76%) of the students reported at least one exposure to ACEs; 21% had 4 or more ACEs. The most commonly reported adversities were emotional abuse, physical abuse, and witnessing a household member being treated violently (42.3%, 39.9%, and 34.6%, respectively). Co-occurrence of ACEs had dose-response relationships with poor mental health, suicidal ideation, and low physical health-related quality of life. This first multisite study of ACEs among Vietnamese university students provided evidence that childhood adversity is common and is significantly linked with impaired health and well-being into the early adult years.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Childhood Experiences and the Health of University Students in Eight Provinces of Vietnam

Tran

Dunne

et al. 2015

Asia Pac J Public Health

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The questionnaire was translated into Arabic and back translated and the language was modified for cultural adaptability. It was also pilot tested earlier in KSA [5], and the final version of the tool was approved by the national research team. The tool was also checked for internal validity and posted on the WHO website http://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/violence/activities/adverse_childhood_experiences/en/.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dietary risks, high blood pressure, high fasting plasma glucose, physical inactivity, smoking, and drug and alcohol use were listed in the top 10 risk factors for the highest disease burdens in KSA [16]. Being aware of the toll of these diseases and risk factors on the health and economic sectors of the country, the National Family Safety Program (NFSP) implemented in 2012 a pilot ACE study in Riyadh [5] that found 82% of the 931 adult participants experienced one or more ACEs and a third (32%) reported experiencing four or more ACEs. It was also revealed in this pilot study that Saudi women were less likely to experience 4 + ACEs than their men counterparts (29.8% vs 35%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-based disparities in the impact of adverse childhood experiences on adult health: findings from a national study in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Almuneef

ElChoueiry

Saleheen

et al. 2017

Int J Equity Health

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundAdverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) have been linked to an increased risk of health and social problems throughout life. Studies on gender differences from developing countries are scarce. In this paper, we will examine gender variations in the types of reported ACEs and gender-specific relationships between cumulative ACEs and physical and mental health, and Risky Health Behaviors (RHB) in adulthood in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).MethodsA cross sectional national study was conducted in all of the 13 regions in KSA in 2013 using the ACE- International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ). We used multivariate logistic regression to examine the relationship between 4 + ACEs and physical, mental health and RHBs for both men and women separately after adjusting for age, education, marital status and current employment.ResultsThe total number of participants was 10,156 and women comprised 48% of the sample. The majority of respondents (80%) reported at least one ACE. Women had higher percentages of < =2 ACEs (65% vs 55%; p <0.05) while men were more likely to have 4+ ACEs (33% vs 25%; p < 0.05). When compared to participants with 0 ACE, men who reported 4+ ACEs were associated with the highest likelihood of using drugs (OR = 9.7; 95% CI: 6.4-14.5) and drinking alcohol (OR = 9.2; 95% CI: 6.3-13.6). On the other hand, women who experienced 4+ ACEs were associated with the highest likelihood of depression (OR = 7.0; 95% CI: 5.2-9.4), anxiety (OR = 6.4; 95% CI: 5.0-8.2) and other mental illnesses (OR = 7.4; 95% CI: 5.2-10.6). As for chronic diseases, abused men and women in childhood showed similarly a twofold increased risk of developing diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease and obesity when compared to non-abused participants.ConclusionFindings highlight the need to consider gender specific differences in the development of preventive strategies to address ACEs in KSA.

show abstract

“…For example, in a study completed in England, findings demonstrated that endorsing 4 or more ACEs significantly increased the odds of any diabetes (OR = 2.99; 95% CI = 1.90–4.72), while endorsing less than 4 did not [13]. Endorsing 4 or more ACES was related to significantly greater odds of any diabetes in Saudi Arabian adults as well (OR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.0–4.5); however, the odds ratios for less than 4 ACEs were not reported, so it is unknown if less exposure was also related to diabetes [14]. Similarly, in a study of 10 countries, experiencing 1or 2 ACEs did not significantly increase the odds of any diabetes, but 3 or more ACEs did (HR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.20–2.09) [15].…”

Section: Aces and Risk For Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Link Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Diabetes

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exposure to adversity in childhood (ACEs) is linked to a number of chronic diseases in adulthood, yet there is limited research examining the impact of ACEs on diabetes. The current review sought to examine the association between ACEs, other trauma exposure or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis, and risk for diabetes. Thirty-eight studies are reviewed. Unlike in other diseases, several studies in diabetes show a threshold-response versus a dose-response relation, while other studies show a relation between greater abuse severity and diabetes risk. There were mixed results for studies examining abuse type and frequency. Chronic or comorbid PTSD was also related to increased diabetes risk among veterans, but in community samples, only trauma exposure predicted diabetes risk. While the research is still limited, diabetes researchers and clinicians should consider screening for ACEs and examine severity and frequency across abuse type as a predictor of both diabetes and poor diabetes outcomes.

show abstract

Adverse childhood experiences, chronic diseases, and risky health behaviors in Saudi Arabian adults: A pilot study

Cited by 116 publications

References 13 publications

Adverse Childhood Experiences and the Health of University Students in Eight Provinces of Vietnam

Adverse Childhood Experiences and the Health of University Students in Eight Provinces of Vietnam

Gender-based disparities in the impact of adverse childhood experiences on adult health: findings from a national study in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The Link Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Diabetes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About