Adverse childhood experiences, depression, and cardiometabolic disease in a nationally representative sample

Salas, Joanne; Berk‐Clark, Carissa van den; Skiöld-Hanlin, Sarah; Schneider, Frank; Scherrer, Jeffrey F.

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.109842

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Four classes were identified and these were consistent with those found in other work. For instance, the 'Low ACEs' and 'Polyadversity' classes (sometimes labelled 'High ACEs' or 'High adversity') are found in many studies applying LCA to ACEs data (Cavanaugh et al, 2015;Debowska et al, 2017;Lanier et al, 2018;Rapsey et al, 2018;Salas et al, 2019). The 'Polyadversity' group was associated with the highest levels of fibrinogen and vWF on average, suggesting that people reporting many adversities might be vulnerable to chronic inflammation, and this finding is also reflected in higher levels of inflammation for the highest ACE score category results.…”

Section: Crp N = 7059mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse childhood experiences and adult inflammation: Single adversity, cumulative risk and latent class approaches

Lacey

Pereira

et al. 2019

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have long been known to be related to poorer health across the life course. Previous studies typically relied on cumulative risk scores or individual adversities measured through retrospective self-reports. However, these approaches have important limitations. Cumulative risk scores assume equal weighting of adversities and the single adversity approach ignores the high probability that adversities co-occur. In contrast, latent class analysis (LCA) offers an alternative approach to operationalise ACEs that respects the clustering of adversities and may identify specific patterns of ACEs important for health outcomes. Furthermore, prospective and retrospective reports of ACEs show poor agreement. Therefore, it is important to compare findings based on prospective and retrospective measures in the same individuals. Despite an increasing number of studies applying LCA to ACEs data, no studies have yet simultaneously investigated LCA to cumulative risk and single adversity approaches in their relationships with adult inflammation. Identifying the specific ACEs or combinations of ACEs which are strongly related to inflammation is important for investigating the mechanisms involved and the planning of effective interventions. Methods: Using data on 8810 members of the 1958 British birth cohort we investigated 12 ACEs-physical, psychological and sexual abuse, physical and emotional neglect, parental mental health problems, witnessing abuse, parental conflict, parental divorce, parental offending, parental substance misuse and parental death. LCA was applied to explore the clustering of prospectively and retrospectively reported ACEs separately. Associations between latent classes, cumulative risk scores and individual adversities with three inflammatory markers (C-Reactive Protein, fibrinogen and von Willebrand Factor) were tested using linear regression. Results: There was co-occurrence between adversities, and particularly for retrospectively reported adversities. Three latent classes were identified in the prospective data-'Low ACEs' (95.7%), 'Household dysfunction' (2.8%) and 'Parental loss' (1.5%) which were related to increased inflammation in mid-life, as were high ACE scores and individual measures of offending, death, divorce, physical neglect and family conflict. Four latent classes were identified in the retrospective data-'Low ACEs', 'Parental mental health and substance misuse', 'Maltreatment and conflict' and 'Polyadversity.' The latter two (5.2%) were related to raised inflammation in mid-life, as was a retrospective ACE score of 4+ (8.3%) and individual measures of family conflict, psychological and physical abuse, emotional neglect and witnessing abuse. Conclusions: Specific ACEs or ACE combinations might be important for chronic inflammation. LCA is an alternative approach to operationalising ACEs data but further research is needed.

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Section: Crp N = 7059mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse childhood experiences and adult inflammation: Single adversity, cumulative risk and latent class approaches

Lacey

Pereira

et al. 2019

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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“…However, evidence for associations between ACEs and inflammatory biomarkers are inconsistent ( Flouri et al, 2020 , Russell et al, 2019 , Danese et al, 2007 , Flouri et al, 2019 , Freund et al, 2010 , Baumeister, 2016 , Kuhlman et al, 2020 ). Chronic inflammation may play a role in the aetiology of physical ( Franceschi and Campisi, 2014 , Wang et al, 2002 , Lawler et al, 2020 ) and mental health disorders ( Khandaker et al, 2014 ), many of which are also suggested effects of ACE exposure ( Salas, 2019 ). For example, cardiovascular disease, mood disorders and diabetes are all associated with both higher levels of inflammation and with ACE exposure ( Franceschi and Campisi, 2014 , Lawler et al, 2020 , Salas, 2019 , Grant and Dixit, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic inflammation may play a role in the aetiology of physical ( Franceschi and Campisi, 2014 , Wang et al, 2002 , Lawler et al, 2020 ) and mental health disorders ( Khandaker et al, 2014 ), many of which are also suggested effects of ACE exposure ( Salas, 2019 ). For example, cardiovascular disease, mood disorders and diabetes are all associated with both higher levels of inflammation and with ACE exposure ( Franceschi and Campisi, 2014 , Lawler et al, 2020 , Salas, 2019 , Grant and Dixit, 2013 ). Therefore chronic and cumulative inflammation is a plausable mechanism for the association between ACEs and subsequent NCDs in later life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Adverse Childhood Experiences and the novel inflammatory marker glycoprotein acetyls in two generations of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children birth cohort

Crick

Halligan

Howe

et al. 2022

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

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Highlights Adverse Childhood Experiences positively associate with non-communicable diseases. Chronic inflammation may mediate these associations, but evidence is inconsistent. Glycoprotein Acetyls is a proposed marker of chronic and cumulative inflammation. Total Adverse Childhood Experiences were not associated with GlycA in childhood. Total Adverse Childhood Experiences were associated with GlycA in mid-adulthood.

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“…The findings are also in line with studies of other patient groups. In a survey concerning self-reported adverse childhood experiences, high adversity was positively associated with CVD in individuals with depression [76]. A cohort study of individuals with anxiety and depression as well as healthy controls found an increased overall CVD risk in individuals with a history of sexual abuse, and that both psychological as well as sexual abuse was related to higher waist circumference [51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood trauma and cardiometabolic risk in severe mental disorders: The mediating role of cognitive control

et al. 2021

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Background Cardiometabolic risk is increased in severe mental disorders (SMDs), and there appears to be a relationship between childhood trauma and cardiometabolic risk, possibly related to adverse health behavior. The current study examined the association between childhood trauma and serum lipids and adiposity in SMDs and the potential mediating role of cognitive and personality characteristics. Methods Participants with schizophrenia and bipolar spectrum disorders (N = 819) were included, cardiometabolic risk factors (serum lipids, body mass index, and waist circumference) were measured, and history of childhood trauma was assessed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Cognitive and personality characteristics were available in subsamples, with assessments of cognitive control, impulsiveness, self-esteem, and affective lability. Linear regressions and mediation analyses with Hayes’ PROCESS were performed, adjusting for age, sex, antipsychotic agent propensity of metabolic side-effect, and diagnostic group. Results Experience of three or more subtypes of childhood trauma was positively associated with waist circumference in patients with SMDs (p = 0.014). There were no other significant associations between trauma variables and lipid or adiposity measures in the total sample. Cognitive control was a significant mediator between experience of one or two subtypes of childhood trauma and waist circumference. Conclusions The results indicate childhood trauma as a predisposing factor for increased waist circumference in individuals with SMDs. Poorer cognitive control, suggestive of adverse health behavior, might be a mediating factor of the association, and the findings indicate the potential importance of increased focus on these factors in prevention and treatment regimens targeting cardiometabolic health.

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Adverse childhood experiences, depression, and cardiometabolic disease in a nationally representative sample

Cited by 29 publications

References 40 publications

Adverse childhood experiences and adult inflammation: Single adversity, cumulative risk and latent class approaches

Adverse childhood experiences and adult inflammation: Single adversity, cumulative risk and latent class approaches

Associations between Adverse Childhood Experiences and the novel inflammatory marker glycoprotein acetyls in two generations of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children birth cohort

Childhood trauma and cardiometabolic risk in severe mental disorders: The mediating role of cognitive control

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