Adverse Drug Reactions and associated factors among adult HIV-positive patients taking ART at the Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon

Nguefeu, Nkenfou-Tchinda Carine; Atogho, Tiedeu Barbara; Nguefeu, Nkenfou Céline; Akindeh, M Nji; Ekollo, Mbange Aristid; Kengne, Chedjou Jean Paul; Tah, Fomboh Calvino; Kouanfack, Charles; Wilfred, Fujimoto

doi:10.7324/japs.2020.10119

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS), rashes, and hepatotoxicity are mostly seen in adverse drug reactions (ADRs) with the use of nevirapine6. Identifying risk factors for ADRs is of crucial importance to optimize the initial choice of ARVs regimen before initiating therapy 7,8 . Though HIV is the initial causative agent, most morbidity and mortality rates result from opportunistic infections (OIs) 9 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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2022

IJPSR

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To assess the risk factors, opportunistic infections (OI's), prescribing patterns along with ADRs, medication adherence, and quality of life (QoL) among HIV patients. Methods: This is an Ambi-directional cohort study conducted at the Government hospital, Bhimavaram, for 6 months from July 2019 to December 2019, including 201 HIV patients' data. The data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8.3.0. Descriptive statistics & paired t-test were employed to assess risk factors, OIs, prescribing patterns, and QoL, respectively. Results: Out of 201 patients. Heterosexuality (96%) was found to be a predominant risk factor in this study. Between type-1 and type 2 HIV patients, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/ Lamivudine & Efavirenz (TLE) and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/ Lamivudine/ Lopinavir/ Ritonavir (TL/ATV/r) were the first-line and second-line therapies respectively in type-1 patients; however, TL/LPV/r was reserved for type 2 individuals. Among 201 patients, 55 patients were reported with 60 ADR's and the predominant ADR was found to be rashes (36%). Approximately 76% were reported with a history of OI's, the most prevalent being TB (39%). Almost 94% of individuals were highly adherent to ART with the improvement in QoL after treatment. Conclusion: This study concluded that heterosexuality is the major risk factor and is effectively managed by TLE-based ART. It also reported rashes as the most common ADR and TB as the most prevalent OI. QoL in all domains has been improved after ART with greater adherence. INTRODUCTION:The global incidenceprevalence ratio of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has declined from 11.2% in 2000 to QUICK RESPONSE CODE

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Variation of adverse drug events in different settings in Africa: a systematic review

Nyame,

Hu,

Xue

et al. 2024

Eur J Med Res

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Background Adverse drug events (ADEs) represent challenges affecting Africa’s healthcare systems owing to the increased healthcare expenditure and negative health outcomes of ADEs. Objectives We aimed to systematically review published studies on ADEs and synthesize the existing evidence of ADE prevalence in Africa. Methods Studies reporting on ADE occurrence in African settings and published from Jan 1, 2000 to Oct 1, 2023 were identified by searching PubMed, EBSCO, Science Direct, and Web of Science. Studies that either articulately investigated ADEs caused by clinical condition (such as HIV patients) or ADEs caused by exposure to specific drug(s) (such as antibiotics) were considered specific and the remaining were general. Grouped ADE prevalence rates were described using median and interquartile range (IQR). PROSPERO registration (CRD42022374095). Results We included 78 observational studies from 15 African countries that investigated the prevalence of ADEs leading to hospital admissions (17 studies), developed during hospitalizations (30 studies), and captured in the outpatient departments (38 studies) or communities (4 studies). Twelve studies included multiple settings. The median prevalence of ADE during hospitalization was 7.8% (IQR: 4.2–21.4%) and 74.2% (IQR: 54.1–90.7%) in general and specific patients, respectively. The ADE-related fatality rate was 0.1% and 1.3% in general and specific patients. The overall median prevalence of ADEs leading to hospital admissions was 6.0% (IQR: 1.5–9.0%); in general, patients and the median prevalence of ADEs in the outpatient and community settings were 22.9% (IQR: 14.6–56.1%) and 32.6% (IQR: 26.0–41.3%), respectively, with a median of 43.5% (IQR: 16.3–59.0%) and 12.4% (IQR: 7.1–28.1%) of ADEs being preventable in general and specific patients, respectively. Conclusions The prevalence of ADEs was significant in both hospital and community settings in Africa. A high ADE prevalence was observed in specific patients, emphasizing important areas for improvement, particularly in at-risk patient groups (e.g., pediatrics, HIV, and TB patients) in various settings. Due to limited studies conducted in the community setting, future research in this setting is encouraged.

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Adverse Drug Reactions and associated factors among adult HIV-positive patients taking ART at the Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon

Cited by 2 publications

References 20 publications

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Variation of adverse drug events in different settings in Africa: a systematic review

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