Adverse Drug Reactions and Medication Errors: A Quantitative Insight in Aden, Yemen

Alshakka, Mohammed; Saeed, Gamila Mohammed Abdo; Ali, Heyam Saad; Prajapati, Sunil Kumar; Ibrahim, Mohamed Izham Mohamed

doi:10.5530/jyp.2019.11.17

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Since 2015, sociopolitical conflict has affected all aspects of life, including health sector activities. Among the major medicine-related problems in the country are problems with prescribing and dispensing medication, improper use of medicine by consumers, problems with adverse drug reaction monitoring, and medical error [4–6]. Many patients view pharmacists in Yemen as drug sellers who only dispense and sell medicine [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes and practices of community pharmacists and barriers to their participation in public health activities in Yemen: mind the gap

Yousuf

Alshakka

Badulla

et al. 2019

BMC Health Serv Res

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Background Patients in Yemen commonly visit community pharmacies to obtain consultation or treatment for common ailments. Community pharmacists have an opportunity to optimize medication use and improve patient outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the attitudes and practices of community pharmacists regarding their participation in public health activities and barriers to their participation in these activities. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out among community pharmacists working in pharmacies located in urban areas of the Aden governorate of Yemen from March to June 2017 using a self-administered questionnaire. We selected pharmacies from a line list using proportional sampling according to the number of pharmacies in the urban areas of each district. The questionnaire contained four sections: demographic characteristics, attitudes, practices, and barriers encountered. Data were analyzed descriptively, and the Chi-square test was used for analyzing the association of variables (alpha = 0.05). Results The questionnaire was distributed to 200 community pharmacists working in community pharmacies. Of the 200 respondents, 62% ( n = 124) were male. Overall, the mean age (sd) was 30.0 years (8.6) with the number of years of work experience between 2 and 9.9 years ( n = 158, 79%). On average, 62.3% of the pharmacists had a positive attitude toward participation in public health activities. Providing education to stop tobacco chewing, smoking, alcohol drinking and improve oral hygiene was an important activity of the community pharmacists. Blood pressure measurements (86%, n = 172) and glucose tests (45%, n = 90) were commonly conducted for clients. Lack of time (71%, n = 142) and lack of teamwork (70%, n = 140) were mentioned as common barriers to participation in public health activities. Conclusions Community pharmacists had a positive attitude toward public health activities. Health education and routine health tests were important practices of the community pharmacists. Barriers need to be overcome to enable more active participation by community pharmacists in public health activities by consulting with all stakeholders, assessing the situation, considering alternatives and taking action. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12913-019-4133-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes and practices of community pharmacists and barriers to their participation in public health activities in Yemen: mind the gap

Yousuf

Alshakka

Badulla

et al. 2019

BMC Health Serv Res

Self Cite

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“…Medication errors in health care settings are challenging and could lead to poor treatment outcomes, high mortality and adverse drug events especially among patients on lifelong therapy. They are a leading cause of adverse drug reactions in hospital settings [1,2]. Approximately 1.5 million patients are reported to have suffered harm from medication errors with about 7000 deaths annually in the United States of America alone [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Medication errors could occur at any step of the medication use process from drug storage, preparing, prescribing, transcribing, prescription verification, dispensing, administering to monitoring. These steps could vary in various healthcare settings such as the outpatient or inpatient units [2,3,9 and 10].However studies have shown that the most common reported errors occur during prescribing and administration [2,11,12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medication Errors among Healthcare Workers in a Major HIV Treatment Centre in Nigeria

Ekama

David

Musa

et al. 2019

JAMPS

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Background: Medication errors are major challenging clinical incidents in health care settings that could jeopardize a patient’s life and well being. These errors could occur at any step of the medication use process from prescribing, prescription verification, dispensing, drug administration to monitoring. This study aims to assess and classify medication errors among doctors and pharmacists. Methods: A prospective observational study from July to September 2018. Randomly selected prescriptions were screened for errors before and after dispensing of drugs. Errors were assessed and classified according to the National Coordination Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention (NCCMERP) index to determine the level of harm it posed to the patient. Results: Out of 1529 prescriptions analyzed, 182(11.9%) medication errors were observed; 104(57.1%) and 78 (42.9%) among doctors and pharmacists respectively. Majority of the errors were for female patients, those on first line antiretroviral drug regimen, in the age group 41-50 years and according to the NCCMERP index of the error type D. The most common medication errors among the doctors were omission errors (36.5%) and errors in patient data (21.1%) while unsigned prescriptions (33.3%) and omitting prescribed drugs from dispensed drugs (28.2%) ranked highest among pharmacists’ errors. Doctors and pharmacists (53.3% and 75% respectively) with < 5years HIV care experience had higher error rates. Conclusion: Medication errors associated with cotrimoxazole therapy were most common for both categories of health workers and this has a potential for poor treatment outcome. There is need for continuous training of health workers in HIV management.

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“…Present study is compared with the Alshakka et al study which was conducted in Yemen states that 4.5% of medication errors are due to wrong drug dispensed. 14 In 2017 WHO has launched its "Medications without Harm Program" as part of its global safety challenges initiatives and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services through patient safety network has established preventing medication error strategies steps such that safety is ensured at each and every stage. 15,16 To prevent the dispensing error with product-a-look problem they have implemented the use of "Tall man" lettering and automated cabins for the high risk medications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of spontaneous individual case safety reports reported at adverse drug reaction monitoring centre: tertiary care teaching hospital in South India

Bhuvaneshwari

Chakradhar

Sravani³

2019

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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Background: Drugs are double edged weapons, they are used in treatment of the patients but in return can harm as well. The safety of drug prescribing has become a need of the hour topic in medicine. Safety monitoring of patients via Pharmacovigilance tool has become an integral part of pharmacotherapy. This study has been undertaken to analyze the various individual case safety reports including the Special situation cases of medicational error and over dose and to promote the reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among the healthcare professionals (HCPs).Methods: A retrospective non-interventional observational study was done for indexed period of six months at AMC-PvPI under Osmania Medical College and General Hospital. The reported individual case safety reports (ICSRs) are evaluated on basis of demographics of age and gender, seriousness criteria, outcome parameters and causality assessment of suspected drug (s) and suspected ADR/AE (s) as per the ICH guidelines and WHO causality assessment scale.Results: A total of 177 ICSRs are reported out of that 137 were ADRs, 36-medication error cases and 4-cases of over dose. The incidence of ADRs in females are high compared with males was identical. The occurrence of ADRs in adult patients (61%) was significantly higher than other age groups. Of total ADRs, most of them were with analgesics (26%) and highly reported system organ classification was CNS. Overall, 79% patients were recovered from ADRs.Conclusions: The results depicted an insight to the HCPs on the importance of monitoring and reporting of ICSRs. Our study results emphasized need to roll out a pharmacovigilance practice tool to ensure the safe use of drugs for better Pharmacotherapy and development of pharmacogenomic studies.

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Adverse Drug Reactions and Medication Errors: A Quantitative Insight in Aden, Yemen

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

Attitudes and practices of community pharmacists and barriers to their participation in public health activities in Yemen: mind the gap

Attitudes and practices of community pharmacists and barriers to their participation in public health activities in Yemen: mind the gap

Medication Errors among Healthcare Workers in a Major HIV Treatment Centre in Nigeria

Analysis of spontaneous individual case safety reports reported at adverse drug reaction monitoring centre: tertiary care teaching hospital in South India

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