Adverse Effects of Agrochemicals on Reproduction and Health: A Brief Review from the Literature

Tuormaa, Tuula E.

doi:10.3109/13590849509007241

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Although it has been concluded that methyl parathion is not carcinogenic to animals or humans, a compilation of known adverse effects of agrochemicals was completed to assess the links between reproduction and health effects of these chemicals [72]. It was reported that chronic low-level exposure to parathion and methyl parathion from early infancy may lead to cancer formation later in life [1].…”

Section: Carcinogenic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This group of chemicals includes insecticides such as malathion, diazinon, chlorpyrifos, azamethiphos, dichlorvos, parathion and methyl parathion. These chemicals are characterized by their ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity [1][2][3][4]. They are lipidsoluble and are capable of penetrating the skin, the placenta, and into the fetus [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Toxicology and Health Effects Associated with Methyl Parathion Exposure – A Scientific Review

Edwards

Tchounwou

2005

IJERPH

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Methyl parathion - MP (C[8]H[10rsqbNO[5rsqbPS) is a restricted-use pesticide that has been widely used as an agricultural insecticide. It belongs to the class of organophosphate chemicals characterized by their ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity. The main route of human exposure is inhalation, but dermal contact and inadvertent ingestion can also be substantial. Populations that are susceptible to MP exposure primarily are applicators, manufacturers and individuals living near application and/or disposal sites. Exposure has also been reported as a result of illegal indoor application. MP related health effects include headaches, nausea, night-waking, diarrhea, difficulty breathing, excessive sweating and salivation, incoordination, and mental confusion. Other symptoms including behavior problems, motor skill problems and impairment of memory recall have also been reported. The primary targets of toxicity are the hematopoietic system (serum cholinesterase inhibition), the cardiovascular system (cardiovascular lesions, abnormalities in heart rate and increase in heart-to-body ratio), the reproductive system (placental morphology, fibrosis and hemorrhage, and inhibition of DNA synthesis in seminiferous tubules), and the nervous system (headache, muscle weakness, insomnia, dizziness, and impaired memory). MP is believed to not have any carcinogenic effects. In an attempt to update its toxicologic profile, we hereby provide a critical review of MP-related environmental and toxicologic effects, with a special emphasis on their potential implications for public health.

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Section: Carcinogenic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Toxicology and Health Effects Associated with Methyl Parathion Exposure – A Scientific Review

Edwards

Tchounwou

2005

IJERPH

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“…The persistence of these compounds in the environment and animal tissues has been well documented and many references on the subject are available (1)(2)(3)(4). The accumulation of organochlorines in aquatic animals and specially fish has also been reported in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Comparison of Gas Chromatography and Immunoassay Methods in Measuring the Distribution of Dieldrin in Rainbow Trout Tissues

Kawar

Dagher

Chammas

2001

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B

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Studies have been conducted to determine the distribution of dieldrin in various tissues of rainbow trout when exposed to several dieldrin concentrations. Medium sized fish with an average weight and length of 195.4 +/- 30.5 g and 25.7 +/- 1.4 cm, respectively, were placed in groups of 6 in 300 L tanks containing purified and aerated water and maintained at 10 degrees C. Following an acclimatization period of 10 days, each group of fish was exposed to one of four dieldrin concentrations ranging from 50 to 80 ppb. After 24 hours, the fish were taken out of the tanks and sacrificed. The brain, gills, liver, muscles and skin were collected from each fish. Dieldrin was extracted from each tissue using SPE techniques and analyzed by both gas chromatography (GC) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results of analyses by the two techniques were highly correlated. The results also showed that liver and skin tissues had the highest level of dieldrin residues. In comparing the means of the six fish samples, it was found that liver or skin contained about 1.5-fold the level in brain, about 4.0 fold the level in muscles and about 6.5 fold the level in gills. Immunoassay proved to be as reliable an analytical tool as gas chromatography in this case.

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“…However, large amount of pesticides are used in fruits production making it unsafe and endangering humans and animals. One of the most common used pesticides are the organophosphates, which kill insects and mites by attacking the central nervous system, and consequently pose a threat to human beings and animal lives [2]. Nowadays, fruit safety and quality has been attracted more and more attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Pesticide Residues on the Surface of Fruits Using Micro-Raman Spectroscopy

Liu

2011

Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture IV

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A simple, rapid and environmentally friendly method was developed for micro-Raman spectroscopy determination of pesticide residues on the surface of fruits. Raman spectra of fruits, pesticides and pericarps sprayed by pesticide solutions were acquired using a laser power of 14 mW at excitation wavelength of 780 nm. From the Raman spectra, the residual pesticides could be distinguished and determined through the characteristic Raman peaks. The overall results indicted that micro-Raman spectroscopy is a potential tool to determine the pesticide residues on the surface of fruits for fruit quality and safety control.

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Adverse Effects of Agrochemicals on Reproduction and Health: A Brief Review from the Literature

Cited by 17 publications

References 83 publications

Environmental Toxicology and Health Effects Associated with Methyl Parathion Exposure – A Scientific Review

Environmental Toxicology and Health Effects Associated with Methyl Parathion Exposure – A Scientific Review

Comparison of Gas Chromatography and Immunoassay Methods in Measuring the Distribution of Dieldrin in Rainbow Trout Tissues

Determination of Pesticide Residues on the Surface of Fruits Using Micro-Raman Spectroscopy

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