Adverse effects of gestational diabetes-related risk factors on pregnancy outcomes and intervention measures

Abstract

This study was designed to investigate the risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), analyze its adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes and propose corresponding interventions. From January 2017 to December 2018, 378 GDM patients (GDM group) awaiting delivery in Weifang People's hospital were selected. At the same time, 200 pregnant women with normal blood glucose (NGT) were randomly selected as the control group. According to general and clinical data, the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to screen the risk factors for GDM. The pregnancy outcomes of the two groups were calculated and corresponding intervention measures were proposed to provide a basis for the comprehensive prevention and treatment of gestational diabetes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), family history of diabetes, 2 h postprandial blood glucose (2hPBG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were independent risk factors for GDM (P<0.05). The incidence of dystocia and cesarean section, abnormal amniotic fluid, premature rupture of membranes, and pathological pregnancy in the GDM group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group (P<0.01). The probability of fetal distress, macrosomia, small for date infants, and preterm infants in the GDM group was significantly higher than those in the normal control group (P<0.01). The 2hPBG and HbA1c in the GDM group after the intervention were significantly lower than those before intervention (P<0.05). The age of pregnant women and family history of diabetes play important roles in the presence and progression of GDM. Therefore, pregnant women should pay close attention to the relevant risk factors that trigger GDM, in the screening and prevention of GDM during pregnancy, reduce and prevent the presence of GDM to ensure the safety of mothers and infants.

Risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus and impact of gestational diabetes mellitus on maternal and fetal health during the antenatal period

“…Current study was comparable with the study of Zhuang in which premature rupture of membrane (17.20%) and abnormal amniotic fluid was found in (13.49%) of cases which hired than our study. 21 In one study in the case of oligohydramnios was 25%, polyhydramnios 18.75, PIH/preeclampsia/eclampsia 12.5, PROM 25%, polyhydramnios was found in 20% of our patients in this study. 22 The study by Bhat et al cites a 14.7% incidence of polyhydramnios v/s 2.7% in controls.…”

Estimation of Glycated Hemoglobin A (HbA1c) at time of Pregnancy Diagnosis as a discriminative Early test for Women vulnerable to develop Gestational Diabetes Mellitus at the 24th Gestational Week

“…Statistical analyses defined high T0 levels of HbA1c and high ΔHbA1c as early specific discriminators for women vulnerable to development of GDM at the 24-26 th GW and paired-sample area analysis for AUC for T0 level of HbA1c and ΔHbA1c showed non-significant difference in favor of T0 level of HbA1c, so that T0 level of HbA1c could be considered as the significant early predictor for upcoming GDM, which spares time till the 12 th GW before institution of prophylactic and/or therapeutic measures. In line with the results of statistical analyses, Zhuang et al, [23] using multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high BMI, 2-h PPBG and HbA1c were significant independent risk factors for GDM. Moreover, the results of a meta-analysis on the screening and diagnostic accuracy of HbA1c test in pregnant women documented that the HbA1c test is simple, quick and more acceptable than the OGTT and can be considered as a specific test at a cut-off of 5.7% with 10% false positive rate [24].…”

Comparative impact analysis of risk factors on the course and outcomes of pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus

“…Возраст старше 30 лет оказался самым распространенным фактором риска и составил 73,1% (58 пациенток). У 30,8% беременных наследственность была отягощена наличием родственников с СД 2 типа, что согласуется с рядом других исследований [14,15,20].…”