Adverse effects of vagotomy on ethanol-induced gastric injury in the rat

Abstract

Truncal vagotomy is known to aggravate the damaging effects of alcohol-induced gastric injury and prevent the occurrence of adaptive cytoprotection against such injury by a mild irritant. This study was undertaken to determine whether aberrations in glutathione (GSH) metabolism were responsible for these vagotomy-induced effects. Fasted rats (6-8/group) were subjected to truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty or sham vagotomy and pyloroplasty. One week later they were given 2 ml of oral saline or the mild irritant, 25% ethanol (EtOH). Thirty minutes following such treatment, animals were either sacrificed or orally received 2 ml of 100% EtOH and then were sacrificed 5 min later. At sacrifice, in each experimental group, stomachs were removed and either evaluated macroscopically for the degree of injury involving the glandular gastric epithelium or samples of the mucosa were prepared for measurement of total GSH levels or GSH peroxidase (GPX) and GSH reductase (GRT) activity. In nonvagotomized animals, saline treatment prior to 100% EtOH exposure resulted in injury to the glandular epithelium involving approximately 18%. Treatment with 25% EtOH prior to 100% EtOH exposure virtually abolished this injury. In vagotomized animals, 100% EtOH elicited almost three times the amount of injury observed in the nonvagotomized state and the protective effect of 25% EtOH pretreatment was prevented. Effects of the various treatment modalities on GPX and GRT activity were not significantly different from control values. When mucosal GSH results were plotted against the presence or absence of gastric injury among the various groups studied, no significant correlation was apparent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

The influence of ethanol-metabolizing systems on the intensity of lipid peroxidation processes in the gastrointestinal tract of rats

“…According to modern concepts, reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to damage of epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in alcohol intoxication [1,2]. It is known that among three enzymatic systems oxidizing ethanol in the liver, alcohol dehydrogenase, catalase, and microsomal ethanol oxidizing system, the latter one is the most important source of free rad ical formation [3,4].…”

Influence of ethanol-metabolising systems on intensity of lipid peroxidation processes in gastrointestinal tract of rats

“…Согласно современным представлениям, активные формы кислорода (АФК) вносят свой вклад в повреждение слизистой оболочки органов желудочно-кишечного тракта (ЖКТ) при алкогольной интоксикации. [1,2]. Известно, что из трёх ферментных систем, окисляющих этанол в печени: алкогольдегидрогеназы, каталазы и микросомальной этанолокисляющей системы последняя является важнейшим источником образования свободных радикалов [3,4].…”