Adverse events following COVID‐19 mRNA vaccines: A systematic review of cardiovascular complication, thrombosis, and thrombocytopenia

Yasmin, Farah; Najeeb, Hala; Naeem, Unaiza; Moeed, Abdul; Atif, Abdul Raafe; Asghar, Muhammad Sohaib; Nimri, Nayef; Saleem, Maryam; Bandyopadhyay, Dhrubajyoti; Krittanawong, Chayakrit; Eljack, Mohammed Mahmmoud Fadelallah; Tahir, Muhammad Junaid; Waqar, Fahad

doi:10.1002/iid3.807

Cited by 71 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…No thrombosis or cardiovascular events have been reported in the booster cohorts. Vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (VITT) are a rare but serious issue associated with SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination [ 26 ], possibly mediated by anti-PF4 antibodies, which can be found after vaccination but not after COVID-19 infection [ 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Results on SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Booster from an Open-Label Multicenter Study in Ofatumumab-Treated Participants with Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Few data exist on how ofatumumab treatment impacts SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination response. Methods: KYRIOS is an ongoing prospective open-label multicenter study on the response to initial and booster SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination before or during ofatumumab treatment in relapsing MS patients. The results on the initial vaccination cohort have been published previously. Here, we describe 23 patients who received their initial vaccination outside of the study but booster vaccination during the study. Additionally, we report the booster results of two patients in the initial vaccination cohort. The primary endpoint was SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell response at month 1. Furthermore, serum total and neutralizing antibodies were measured. Results: The primary endpoint was reached by 87.5% of patients with booster before (booster cohort 1, N = 8) and 46.7% of patients with booster during ofatumumab treatment (booster cohort 2, N = 15). Seroconversion rates for neutralizing antibodies increased from 87.5% at baseline to 100.0% at month 1 in booster cohort 1 and from 71.4% to 93.3% in booster cohort 2. Of note, 3 of 4 initially seronegative patients in booster cohort 2 and one seronegative patient in the initial vaccination cohort seroconverted after the booster during ofatumumab treatment. Conclusions: Booster vaccinations increase neutralizing antibody titers in ofatumumab-treated patients. A booster is recommended in ofatumumab-treated patients.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Results on SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Booster from an Open-Label Multicenter Study in Ofatumumab-Treated Participants with Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…VWF binds to PF4 and subsequently to anti-PF4 antibodies, which in turn activates neutrophils and propagates thrombin generation. Thus, endothelial activation likely participates in the occurrence of thrombotic events notably through the expression of tissue factor [ 108 , 109 , 110 ]. Fortunately, VITT is very rare.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mimicry of the Viral Spike in the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Possibly Triggers Transient Dysregulation of ACE2, Leading to Vascular and Coagulation Dysfunction Similar to SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Devaux

Camoin-Jau

2023

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The benefits of SARS-CoV-2 spike mRNA vaccines are well known, including a significant decline in COVID-19 morbidity and a decrease in the mortality rate of SARS-CoV-2 infected persons. However, pharmacovigilance studies have revealed the existence of rare cases of cardiovascular complications after mass vaccination using such formulations. Cases of high blood pressure have also been reported but were rarely documented under perfectly controlled medical supervision. The press release of these warning signals triggered a huge debate over COVID-19 vaccines’ safety. Thereby, our attention was quickly focused on issues involving the risk of myocarditis, acute coronary syndrome, hypertension and thrombosis. Rare cases of undesirable post-vaccine pathophysiological phenomena should question us, especially when they occur in young subjects. They are more likely to occur with inappropriate use of mRNA vaccine (e.g., at the time when the immune response is already very active during a low-noise infection in the process of healing), leading to angiotensin II (Ang II) induced inflammation triggering tissue damage. Such harmful effects observed after the COVID-19 vaccine evoke a possible molecular mimicry of the viral spike transiently dysregulating angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) function. Although the benefit/risk ratio of SARS-CoV-2 spike mRNA vaccine is very favorable, it seems reasonable to suggest medical surveillance to patients with a history of cardiovascular diseases who receive the COVID-19 vaccine.

show abstract

“…These vaccines were highly effective, inducing robust humoral and cellular immunity (Baden et al, 2021; Polack et al, 2020). Nevertheless, certain drawbacks of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines remain to be addressed, including adverse effects, such as thrombosis, fever, and fatigue (Yasmin et al, 2023). Further, several boosters of the mRNA vaccines have been required to reactivate the immune response and increase efficacy against variants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunogenicity and safety of a live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate based on multiple attenuation mechanisms

Suzuki-Okutani,

Okamura,

Tanggis

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 were rapidly developed and effective during the pandemic. However, some limitations remain to be resolved, such as the short-lived induced immune response and certain adverse effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new vaccines that address these issues. While live-attenuated vaccines are a highly effective modality, they pose a risk of adverse effects, including virulence reversion. In the current study, we constructed a live-attenuated vaccine candidate, BK2102, combining naturally occurring virulence-attenuating mutations in the NSP14, NSP1, spike and ORF7-8 coding regions. Intranasal inoculation with BK2102 induced humoral and cellular immune responses in Syrian hamsters without apparent tissue damage in the lungs, leading to protection against a SARS-CoV-2 D614G and an Omicron BA.5 strains. The neutralizing antibodies induced by BK2102 persisted for up to 364 days, which indicated that they confer long-term protection against infection. Furthermore, we confirmed the safety of BK2102 using transgenic (Tg) mice expressing human ACE2 (hACE2), that are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. BK2102 did not kill the Tg mice, even when virus was administered at a dose of 106 plaque-forming units (PFU), while 102 PFU of the D614G strain or an attenuated strain lacking the furin cleavage site (FCS) of the spike was sufficient to kill mice. These results suggest that BK2102 is a promising live-vaccine candidate strain that confers long-term protection without significant virulence.

show abstract

Adverse events following COVID‐19 mRNA vaccines: A systematic review of cardiovascular complication, thrombosis, and thrombocytopenia

Cited by 71 publications

References 27 publications

Results on SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Booster from an Open-Label Multicenter Study in Ofatumumab-Treated Participants with Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis

Results on SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Booster from an Open-Label Multicenter Study in Ofatumumab-Treated Participants with Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis

Molecular Mimicry of the Viral Spike in the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Possibly Triggers Transient Dysregulation of ACE2, Leading to Vascular and Coagulation Dysfunction Similar to SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Immunogenicity and safety of a live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate based on multiple attenuation mechanisms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About