Advocacy channels and political resource dependence in authoritarianism: Nongovernmental organizations and environmental policies in China

Liu, Dongshu

doi:10.1111/gove.12431

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This fragmentation allows others -such as NGOs, collectives of citizens and individuals -to fill this gap to implement, or deviate from, the government mandate (Mertha, 2009). As a result, complex institutional arrangements nested in an increasingly diversified context emerge (Li, 2013;Lieberthal & Oksenberg, 1988;Liu, 2020;Wang, Liu, & Dang, 2018).…”

Section: Analytical Concepts and Research Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Together Strong or Falling Apart? Coping with COVID-19 in Smallholder Irrigated Agriculture

Chitata

Kemerink-Seyoum

Cleaver

2023

International Journal of the Commons

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Coping, surviving and living with different kinds of crisis is a recurrent challenge to those governing groundwater as a common resource. In this paper, we mobilise ideas about the functioning of the state and of processes of bricolage to explain the functioning of institutions governing groundwater during the Covid-19 pandemic. Drawing on empirical material from one irrigation scheme in Zimbabwe we argue that such institutions show signs both of transformation and degeneration over the course of the Covid-19 crisis. Our analysis shows the emergence of temporary and innovative ways of collectively organising around groundwater which ensure improved access to water during the pandemic. Such new ways of doing things draw on different sources of authority and legitimacy in shaping governance arrangements. However, as the pandemic situation becomes the 'new normal', collective arrangements degenerate into a pre-Covid-19 state, or worse, further restricting access and representation for some people.

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Section: Analytical Concepts and Research Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Together Strong or Falling Apart? Coping with COVID-19 in Smallholder Irrigated Agriculture

Chitata

Kemerink-Seyoum

Cleaver

2023

International Journal of the Commons

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“…The latter is founded or supervised directly by the government (Hsu & Hsu, 2016; Wu, 2003). While there are debates over how to posit GONGOs in NGO studies (Ashley & Ashley, 2008; Shieh, 2009), many studies treat GONGO as a specific type of NGOs under state dominance (Aikawa, 2017; Hua, 2021; Liu, 2020). Gleiss and Sæther (2017) point out that GONGO should be viewed as a hybrid form of civil society organization in China and excluding them in studies will lead to a lack of analytical focus on the actual autonomous practices of the NGOs.…”

Section: The Country Context Of Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

From state partnership to social entrepreneurship: A top‐down approach to social enterprise in China

Wang

2022

Asian Soc Wrk & Pol Rev

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Social enterprises are hybrid organizations that combine for‐profit, market‐based practices with nonprofit goals. Social enterprises in China face specific political and institutional challenges that negatively affect their development. This study explores how a Government‐Organized Non‐Government Organization (GONGO) overcomes institutional challenges at different stages of social enterprise development by engaging strategies, which eventually lead to the establishment of a sustainable social enterprise. The GONGO applies social entrepreneurship in the three major aspects of identifying challenging social problems, implementing innovative market‐based solutions, and initiating long‐term institutional changes to tackle the stubborn social issue. This study demonstrates a unique top‐down social enterprise model and shows that in an authoritarian context, the GONGO could potentially take up the role of developing new social enterprise. This study initiates a deeper conversation between social entrepreneurship and China's socio‐political development.

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“…Last but not least, civic engagement and bottom-up activities, judiciously scrutinized and rarely encouraged by governments in their running of local affairs in the not-so-distant past [ 49 ], are channeled into the design and furtherance of the RCS. The noticeboards, on which contact details of corresponding river chiefs are publicized, are mandated to be placed at key locations along the river pathways.…”

Section: Institutional Background and Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approaches to Environmental Governance in China: Evidence from the River Chief System (RCS)

Ouyang

Zhang

Wen

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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A common argument is that the comprehensive implementation of the river chief system (RCS) is a clear indication of the Chinese government’s strong commitment to overcoming the problem of water pollution. Scant attention, nonetheless, has been afforded to systematically examining the economic and social effects of this pioneering policy. Based on news reports and data from regions in which the RCS was piloted, this paper fills in a critical literature gap by unpacking the environmental, economic, and societal benefits accrued from this river-based management approach. Specifically, by employing a difference-in-differences (DID) method, this study shows that (1) overall, the adoption of the RCS has significantly reduced the discharge of sewage per unit of GDP and improved water quality to a considerable extent; (2) the RCS, functioning under China’s top-down bureaucratic structure, coupled with increasing encouragement of bottom-up oversight and citizen participation, has provided local governments with strong incentives to improve water quality in a timely manner in their respective jurisdictions through the introduction of a plethora of measures, ranging from increased investment in wastewater treatment to faithful enforcement of environmental regulations; (3) the positive changes anticipated as a result of the RCS cannot be materialized in regions that have difficulties sustaining economic growth or facilitating cross-boundary policy coordination; and (4) the long-term effectiveness of the RCS is based on its ability to compel local enterprises to innovate their modes of operation, ultimately leading to regional industrial upgrading. The paper concludes by discussing how these empirical findings can help policymakers devise feasible tactics for confronting the causes of China’s current environmental predicament in the context of improving the alignment of individual officials’ political aspirations with targeted environmental outcomes.

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Advocacy channels and political resource dependence in authoritarianism: Nongovernmental organizations and environmental policies in China

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

Together Strong or Falling Apart? Coping with COVID-19 in Smallholder Irrigated Agriculture

Together Strong or Falling Apart? Coping with COVID-19 in Smallholder Irrigated Agriculture

From state partnership to social entrepreneurship: A top‐down approach to social enterprise in China

Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approaches to Environmental Governance in China: Evidence from the River Chief System (RCS)

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