AE measurement in ferroelectrics

Evaluation of Ferroelectric Domain Behaviors Using Acoustic Emission Method

“…The acoustic emission (AE) method is a nondestructive technique used to detect acoustic pulses of released elastic strain energy caused by deformation, crack growth, and phase changes in materials. 1) For ferroelectric materials, the AE method has been used to detect domain reorientation, [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] phase transitions, [10][11][12] and to monitor crack propagation and material fatigue. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] However, in the electric-field-induced AE measurements of ferroelectric/piezoelectric materials, there are two kinds of AE signals: AE signals from within the sample and vibroacoustic emission (vibro-AE) signals related to the piezoelectricity of the sample.…”

Elastic Discontinuities during Switching of Ferroelectric Ceramics

“…Two interpretations of acoustic emissions at the ferroelectric phase transition have been given, microcracking [14] and the formation of new domain walls originating at point defects, which were introduced during single crystal growth [12]. Unipolar driving yields significantly less acoustic emissions than bipolar switching [18]. It was shown in a recent work that the domain wall movement would be significantly altered during bipolar fatigue of a commercial PZT [6].…”