Aedes aegypti peritrophic matrix and its interaction with heme during blood digestion

Páscoa, Valéria; Oliveira, Pedro L.; Dansa-Petretski, Marı́lvia; Silva, José R.; Alvarenga, Patrícia H.; Jacobs-­Lorena, Marcelo; Lemos, Francisco José Alves

doi:10.1016/s0965-1748(01)00130-8

Cited by 108 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Alterations in early blood digestion in the absence of a PM may have additional effects on the female reproductive cycle. The direct contact of the gut epithelium with intermediates of haemoglobin digestion could induce oxidative stress in sandfly females, which was observed previously in Lutzomyia spinicrassa (Walters et al 1995) and A. aegypti (Pascoa et al 2002, Devenport et al 2006 leading to compromised ability to produce eggs. In addition, the premature direct contact of the L. longipalpis gut microbiota with the midgut epithelium may cause an additional challenge to the BCC-fed insects because potentially pathogenic bacteria, such as Serratia marcescens, are present in the L. longipalpis midgut (Gouveia et al 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 56%

Disruption of the peritrophic matrix by exogenous chitinase feeding reduces fecundity in Lutzomyia longipalpis females

Araújo

Telleria

Dutra

et al. 2012

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Lutzomyia longipalpis is the most important vector of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil. When female sandflies feed on blood, a peritrophic matrix (PM) is formed around the blood bolus. The PM is secreted by midgut cells and composed of proteins, glycoproteins and chitin microfibrils. The PM functions as both a physical barrier against pathogens present in the food bolus and blood meal digestion regulator. Previous studies of mosquitoes and sandflies have shown that the absence of a PM, resulting from adding an exogenous chitinase to the blood meal, accelerates digestion. In the present study, we analysed biological factors associated with the presence of a PM in L. longipalpis females. Insects fed blood containing chitinase (BCC) accelerated egg-laying relative to a control group fed blood without chitinase. However, in the BCC-fed insects, the number of females that died without laying eggs was higher and the number of eggs laid per female was lower. The eggs in both groups were viable and generated adults. Based on these data, we suggest that the absence of a PM accelerates nutrient acquisition, which results in premature egg production and oviposition; however, the absence of a PM reduces the total number of eggs laid per female. Reduced fecundity in the absence of a PM may be due to inefficient nutrient conversion or the loss of the protective role of the PM

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mentioning

confidence: 56%

Disruption of the peritrophic matrix by exogenous chitinase feeding reduces fecundity in Lutzomyia longipalpis females

Araújo

Telleria

Dutra

et al. 2012

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…Another laboratory recently reported a protein that binds heme in a saturated process on the peritrophic matrix of A. aegypti (Devenport et al, 2004(Devenport et al, , 2005(Devenport et al, , 2006. Levels of this protein increased in parallel with the progression of digestion and reach a maximum 48 h after feeding (Pascoa et al, 2002). The role of this protein in mosquito iron metabolism remains unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of blood meal iron in mosquitoes

Zhou

Kohlhepp

Geiser

et al. 2007

Journal of Insect Physiology

109

130

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Iron is an essential element of living cells and organisms as a component of numerous metabolic pathways. Hemoglobin and ferric-transferrin in vertebrate host blood are the two major iron sources for female mosquitoes. We used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and radioisotope-labeling to quantify the fate of iron supplied from hemoglobin or as transferrin in Aedes aegypti. At the end of the first gonotrophic cycloe, ~87% of the ingested total meal heme iron was excreted, while 7% was distributed into the eggs and 6% was stored in different tissues. In contrast, 8% of the iron provided as transferrin was excreted and of that absorbed, 77% was allocated to the eggs and 15% distributed in the tissues. Further analyses indicate that of the iron supplied in a blood meal, ~7% appears in the eggs and of this iron 98% is from hemoglobin and 2% from ferrictransferrin. Whereas of iron from a blood meal retained in body of the female, ~97% is from heme and <1 % is from transferrin. Evaluation of iron-binding proteins in hemolymph and egg following intake of 59 Fe-transferrin revealed that ferritin is iron loaded in these animals, and indicate that this protein plays a critical role in meal iron transport and iron storage in eggs in A. aegypti.

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“…Its purposes are to protect the posterior midgut cells from mechanical and chemical damage caused by the blood meal itself or the products of its digestion, as well as to serve as a barrier against pathogenic infection (Pascoa et al, 2002;Villalon et al, 2003). The peritrophic matrix surrounds the blood bolus and separates it from the midgut epithelium in order to accomplish these beneficial tasks.…”

Section: The Peritrophic Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, this is when the chemical protection provided by the peritrophic matrix is particularly useful. At this time the peritrophic matrix reaches its maximal thickness and begins to turn a brownish colour due to its binding of free heme in the lumen (Pascoa et al, 2002). Moreover, it is also during this time frame that the iron-storing protein ferritin is upregulated in the posterior midgut which then acts as a further means of binding the potentially reactive free iron (Sanders et al, 2003).…”

Section: Heme and Ironmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport of H+, Na+ and K+ across the posterior midgut of blood-fed mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti)

Pacey

O’Donnell

2014

Journal of Insect Physiology

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Mosquitoes pose significant threats to human health because they act as vectors for disease causing viruses and protozoans. Indeed, Aedes aegypti is known as the Yellow Fever Mosquito because of its role as a vector for viral infections that kill thousands of people each year. A more thorough understanding of mosquito physiology will aid development of novel control strategies. Previous work on ion transport across the midgut has been focused primarily on larval A. aegypti, while research on the midgut of the adult stage is less complete. The posterior midgut of the adult female is of particular interest because it is used for the storage and digestion of the blood meal which is required for the production of eggs. This study used an array of electrophysiological methodologies such as the Scanning Ion Electrode Technique (SIET) in order to elucidate the patterns and mechanisms of Na + , H + and K + transport across the posterior midgut at intervals during postprandial diuresis and digestion of the blood meal. Measurements of transepithelial potential indicated that the lumen was at its most negative (-13.2 mV) three hours after the blood meal and then gradually became less negative during the time course of digestion. Na + was absorbed (from lumen to bath) at all intervals after the blood meal (6 min, 30 min, 2h, 24 h); calculations of the electrochemical potential indicated that absorption required active transport. H + absorption at all times (6 min -48 h) after the blood meal was also active (i.e. against the electrochemical gradient for H + ) and was greatly reduced by inhibition of carbonic anhydrase. K + transport across the midgut exhibited two distinct phases. During diuresis, luminal concentrations of K + were in the range 24 -28 mM and secretion into the midgut was opposed by the electrochemical iv gradient, indicating active transport. After diuresis, during blood meal digestion, concentrations of K + in the midgut contents were high (95 -134 mM) and absorption of K + was favoured by the electrochemical gradient. K + absorption was sensitive to the channel blocker Ba 2+ during this period.v Acknowledgements

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Aedes aegypti peritrophic matrix and its interaction with heme during blood digestion

Cited by 108 publications

References 17 publications

Disruption of the peritrophic matrix by exogenous chitinase feeding reduces fecundity in Lutzomyia longipalpis females

Disruption of the peritrophic matrix by exogenous chitinase feeding reduces fecundity in Lutzomyia longipalpis females

Fate of blood meal iron in mosquitoes

Transport of H+, Na+ and K+ across the posterior midgut of blood-fed mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti)

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