aeGEPUCI: a database of gene expression in the dengue vector mosquito, Aedes aegypti

Dissanayake, Sumudu N; Ribeiro, José M. C.; Wang, Mei-Hui; Dunn, William A.; Yan, Guiyun; James, Anthony A.; Marinotti, Osvaldo

doi:10.1186/1756-0500-3-248

Cited by 60 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…When VectorBase (www.vectorbase.org) expression maps are searched for Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti NOX4-art genes (AGAP003772 and AAEL010179, respectively), we find differential expression during embryonic development [62, 63] and between tissues [64, 65] and increased expression after a blood meal [66, 67]. In Aedes aegypti , infection with Micrococcus luteus or Wolbachia (wMel strain) also increases NOX4-art expression [68, 69].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary origin and function of NOX4-art, an arthropod specific NADPH oxidase

et al. 2017

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BackgroundNADPH oxidases (NOX) are ROS producing enzymes that perform essential roles in cell physiology, including cell signaling and antimicrobial defense. This gene family is present in most eukaryotes, suggesting a common ancestor. To date, only a limited number of phylogenetic studies of metazoan NOXes have been performed, with few arthropod genes. In arthropods, only NOX5 and DUOX genes have been found and a gene called NOXm was found in mosquitoes but its origin and function has not been examined. In this study, we analyzed the evolution of this gene family in arthropods. A thorough search of genomes and transcriptomes was performed enabling us to browse most branches of arthropod phylogeny.ResultsWe have found that the subfamilies NOX5 and DUOX are present in all arthropod groups. We also show that a NOX gene, closely related to NOX4 and previously found only in mosquitoes (NOXm), can also be found in other taxonomic groups, leading us to rename it as NOX4-art. Although the accessory protein p22-phox, essential for NOX1-4 activation, was not found in any of the arthropods studied, NOX4-art of Aedes aegypti encodes an active protein that produces H2O2. Although NOX4-art has been lost in a number of arthropod lineages, it has all the domains and many signature residues and motifs necessary for ROS production and, when silenced, H2O2 production is considerably diminished in A. aegypti cells.ConclusionsCombining all bioinformatic analyses and laboratory work we have reached interesting conclusions regarding arthropod NOX gene family evolution. NOX5 and DUOX are present in all arthropod lineages but it seems that a NOX2-like gene was lost in the ancestral lineage leading to Ecdysozoa. The NOX4-art gene originated from a NOX4-like ancestor and is functional. Although no p22-phox was observed in arthropods, there was no evidence of neo-functionalization and this gene probably produces H2O2 as in other metazoan NOX4 genes. Although functional and present in the genomes of many species, NOX4-art was lost in a number of arthropod lineages.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0940-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary origin and function of NOX4-art, an arthropod specific NADPH oxidase

et al. 2017

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“…Sources of opsin transcript data include EST sequences (Additional file 1: Table S2), microarray [34–36] and RNAseq [40–43, 53] data, and mass spectrometry [44–46] data for opsin peptides.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retention of duplicated long-wavelength opsins in mosquito lineages by positive selection and differential expression

2017

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BackgroundOpsins are light sensitive receptors associated with visual processes. Insects typically possess opsins that are stimulated by ultraviolet, short and long wavelength (LW) radiation. Six putative LW-sensitive opsins predicted in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti and malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, and eight in the southern house mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus, suggest gene expansion in the Family Culicidae (mosquitoes) relative to other insects. Here we report the first detailed molecular and evolutionary analyses of LW opsins in three mosquito vectors, with a goal to understanding the molecular basis of opsin-mediated visual processes that could be exploited for mosquito control.ResultsTime of divergence estimates suggest that the mosquito LW opsins originated from 18 or 19 duplication events between 166.9/197.5 to 1.07/0.94 million years ago (MY) and that these likely occurred following the predicted divergence of the lineages Anophelinae and Culicinae 145–226 MY. Fitmodel analyses identified nine amino acid residues in the LW opsins that may be under positive selection. Of these, eight amino acids occur in the N and C termini and are shared among all three species, and one residue in TMIII was unique to culicine species. Alignment of 5′ non-coding regions revealed potential Conserved Non-coding Sequences (CNS) and transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) in seven pairs of LW opsin paralogs.ConclusionsOur analyses suggest opsin gene duplication and residues possibly associated with spectral tuning of LW-sensitive photoreceptors. We explore two mechanisms - positive selection and differential expression mediated by regulatory units in CNS – that may have contributed to the retention of LW opsin genes in Culicinae and Anophelinae. We discuss the evolution of mosquito LW opsins in the context of major Earth events and possible adaptation of mosquitoes to LW-dominated photo environments, and implications for mosquito control strategies based on disrupting vision-mediated behaviors.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0910-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…We have speculated that this expansion reflects an antiviral role for the piRNA pathway in mosquito vectors. Sequence analyses examining transcriptional changes in response to blood feeding reveal Piwi4 expression is up-regulated under these conditions in multiple strains of Aea [73-75]. It was recently reported that cytoplasmic Piwi4 and Ago3 or Piwi5 and Ago3 proteins are involved in piRNA biogenesis from Semliki Forest virus or SINV RNA, respectively in infected Aea cells [76,77].…”

Section: Arboviruses and The Pirna Pathway In Vectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbovirus–mosquito interactions: RNAi pathway

Olson

Blair

2015

Current Opinion in Virology

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Arthropod-borne (arbo) viruses infect hematophagous arthropods (vectors) to maintain virus transmission between vertebrate hosts. The mosquito vector actively controls arbovirus infection to minimize its fitness costs. The RNA interference (RNAi) pathway is the major antiviral response vectors use to restrict arbovirus infections. We know this because depleting RNAi gene products profoundly impacts arbovirus replication, the antiviral RNAi pathway genes undergo positive, diversifying selection and arboviruses have evolved strategies to evade the vector's RNAi responses. The vector's RNAi defense and arbovirus countermeasures lead to an arms race that prevents potential virus-induced fitness costs yet maintains arbovirus infections needed for transmission. This review will discuss the latest findings in RNAi-arbovirus interactions in the model insect (Drosophila melanogaster) and in specific mosquito vectors.

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aeGEPUCI: a database of gene expression in the dengue vector mosquito, Aedes aegypti

Cited by 60 publications

References 11 publications

Evolutionary origin and function of NOX4-art, an arthropod specific NADPH oxidase

Evolutionary origin and function of NOX4-art, an arthropod specific NADPH oxidase

Retention of duplicated long-wavelength opsins in mosquito lineages by positive selection and differential expression

Arbovirus–mosquito interactions: RNAi pathway

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