Aegilops tauschii presents a genetic roadmap for hexaploid wheat improvement

Awan, Muhammad Jawad Akbar; Rasheed, Awais; Saeed, Nasir; Mansoor, Shahid

doi:10.1016/j.tig.2022.01.008

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Upon polyploidization, the hexaploid bread wheat (AABBDD) underwent a series of genetic modi cations owing to the gene ow from wild relatives that resulted in conferring agronomically signi cant phenotypes and widening its adaptability 30,31 . The gene duplication altered the transcriptional landscape of various genes at different developmental and growth stages 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the differential expression patterns of yield-related negative regulators in hexaploid wheat and F1 hybrids at different growth stages

Awan,

Farooq,

Naqvi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Being a major source of protein and calories in the human diet, bread wheat is cultivated worldwide, and its yield is showing dwindling notion due to various environmental challenges. Hexaploid bread wheat underwent a series of polyploidization events through interspecific hybridizations that conferred adaptive plasticity and resulted in duplication and neofunctionalization of major agronomic genes. Interestingly the genetic architecture of polyploid wheat not only confers adaptive plasticity but also offers huge genetic diversity. However, the contribution of different gene copies (homeologs) encoded from different subgenomes (A, B, D) at different growth stages remained unexplored. In this study, we assessed the differential expression profiles of yield-related negative regulators in elite cultivars of wheat and their F1 hybrids and identified various cis-regulatory signatures that might influence these expression patterns. Furthermore, the differential and preferential expression patterns of the homeologs showed dynamic expression profiles of A, B, and D subgenomes at six different growth stages, portraying the different homeolog-dominance at the same stage in the different cultivars and their F1 hybrids. Based on the expression profiling, hybrid progenies of elite cultivars were developed that showed better heterosis such as up to 17% increase in the average number of grains and up to 50% increase in average thousand grains weight as compared to mid-parents and the F2 segregating populations demonstrated varying yields from high-yielding parents. These results suggest the significance of dynamic transcriptional expression patterns and the regulatory signatures of major genes that can substantially contribute and provide insights for the selective introduction of better cultivars into hybrid breeding programs which can be harnessed for the improvement of future wheat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the differential expression patterns of yield-related negative regulators in hexaploid wheat and F1 hybrids at different growth stages

Awan,

Farooq,

Naqvi

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…Previous studies have identified resistance/tolerance genes/loci response to phosphorus deficiency, drought, stripe rust, and powdery mildew resistance (Liu et al, 2015a;Qin et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2019b;Xue et al, 2022). It has proved that superior genes identified from A. tauschii could be quickly and efficiently used to improve hexaploid wheat (Zhang et al, 2019b;Awan et al, 2022;Gaurav et al, 2022). For example, the stripe rust resistance allele YrAS2388R on chromosome 4DS was cloned from A. tauschii.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the hexaploid Triticum aestivum (AABBDD) was formed by hybridization with Triticum turgidum (AABB) and A. tauschii (DD), only a tiny fraction of the D-genome subpopulation participated in the hybridization (Giles and Brown, 2006;Zhou et al, 2020). Harnessing genetic diversity from wild wheat progenitor A. tauschii to improve hexaploid wheat has been proven fast and efficient (Zhang et al, 2019b;Awan et al, 2022;Gaurav et al, 2022). Here, using 286 A. tauschii accessions, we aim to (1) identify FCR resistant materials in A. tauschii; (2) identify loci significantly associated with FCR resistance using GWAS based on SNP array; (3) select candidate genes for loci of FCR resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide association mapping of Fusarium crown rot resistance in Aegilops tauschii

et al. 2022

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Fusarium crown rot (FCR), caused by various Fusarium species, is a primary fungal disease in most wheat-growing regions worldwide. A. tauschii, the diploid wild progenitor of the D-genome of common wheat, is a reservoir of genetic diversity for improving bread wheat biotic and abiotic resistance/tolerance. A worldwide collection of 286 A. tauschii accessions was used to evaluate FCR resistance. Population structure analysis revealed that 115 belonged to the A. tauschii ssp. strangulata subspecies, and 171 belonged to the A. tauschii ssp. tauschii subspecies. Five accessions with disease index values lower than 20 showed moderate resistance to FCR. These five originated from Afghanistan, China, Iran, Uzbekistan, and Turkey, all belonging to the tauschii subspecies. Genome-wide association mapping using 6,739 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) revealed that two SNPs on chromosome 2D and four SNPs on chromosome 7D were significantly associated with FCR resistance. Almost all FCR resistance alleles were presented in accessions from the tauschii subspecies, and only 4, 11, and 19 resistance alleles were presented in accessions from the strangulata subspecies. Combining phenotypic correlation analysis and genome-wide association mapping confirmed that FCR resistance loci were independent of flowering time, heading date, and plant height in this association panel. Six genes encoding disease resistance-related proteins were selected as candidates for further validation. The identified resistant A. tauschii accessions will provide robust resistance gene sources for breeding FCR-resistant cultivars. The associated loci/genes will accelerate and improve FCR in breeding programs by deploying marker-assisted selection.

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“…Polyploid breeding, which can result in whole-genome duplication (WGD) accompanied by alterations and innovations in biological traits, holds considerable value for the acquisition of superior traits. This approach has yielded remarkable economic and social benefits, with wide application in the improvement of various crops, such as cotton, wheat, and Arabidopsis ( Awan et al, 2022 ; Chen et al, 2020 ; Corneillie et al, 2019 ), as well as in the enhancement of fish genetic resources ( Hu et al, 2020 ; Wang et al, 2020b ). In this study, autotetraploid Carassius auratus (4nRR, 4 n =200), derived from the distant hybridization of Carassius auratus red var.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and effective regulation of <i>scarb1</i> gene involved in pigmentation change in autotetraploid <i>Carassius auratus</i>

Xu,

Zhou,

Wang

et al. 2024

Zoological Research

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The autotetraploid Carassius auratus (4nRR, 4 n =200, RRRR) is derived from whole-genome duplication of Carassius auratus red var. (RCC, 2 n =100, RR). In the current study, we demonstrated that chromatophores and pigment changes directly caused the coloration and variation of 4nRR skin (red in RCC, brownish-yellow in 4nRR). To further explore the molecular mechanisms underlying coloration formation and variation in 4nRR, we performed transcriptome profiling and molecular functional verification in RCC and 4nRR. Results revealed that scarb1 , associated with carotenoid metabolism, underwent significant down-regulation in 4nRR. Efficient editing of this candidate pigment gene provided clear evidence of its significant role in RCC coloration. Subsequently, we identified four divergent scarb1 homeologs in 4nRR: two original scarb1 homeologs from RCC and two duplicated ones. Notably, three of these homeologs possessed two highly conserved alleles, exhibiting biased and allele-specific expression in the skin. Remarkably, after precise editing of both the original and duplicated scarb1 homeologs and/or alleles, 4nRR individuals, whether singly or multiply mutated, displayed a transition from brownish-yellow skin to a cyan-gray phenotype. Concurrently, the proportional areas of the cyan-gray regions displayed a gene-dose correlation. These findings illustrate the subfunctionalization of duplicated scarb1 , with all scarb1 genes synergistically and equally contributing to the pigmentation of 4nRR. This is the first report concerning the functional differentiation of duplicated homeologs in an autopolyploid fish, substantially enriching our understanding of coloration formation and change within this group of organisms.

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Aegilops tauschii presents a genetic roadmap for hexaploid wheat improvement

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Deciphering the differential expression patterns of yield-related negative regulators in hexaploid wheat and F1 hybrids at different growth stages

Deciphering the differential expression patterns of yield-related negative regulators in hexaploid wheat and F1 hybrids at different growth stages

Genome-wide association mapping of Fusarium crown rot resistance in Aegilops tauschii

Identification and effective regulation of <i>scarb1</i> gene involved in pigmentation change in autotetraploid <i>Carassius auratus</i>

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