Aeolian sand transport over gobi with different gravel coverages under limited sand supply: A mobile wind tunnel investigation

Tan, Lihai; Zhang, Weimin; Qu, Jianjun; Zhang, Kecun; An, Zhishan; Wang, Xiao

doi:10.1016/j.aeolia.2013.10.003

Cited by 50 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…3), which differed significantly from results of wind tunnel experiments that the flux density profile over gobi presented a non-monotone curve (e.g., Dong et al (2004) and Qu et al (2005)). At the same study site, our recent portable wind tunnel results revealed that in most cases sand flux density decreased exponentially with height only above 50-80 mm, while they increased with increasing height below this critical height (Tan et al, 2013), and thus the profile also showed a non-monotone curve shape as the above mentioned wind tunnel results.…”

Section: Sediment Flux Density Profilementioning

confidence: 56%

“…Recently, our portable wind tunnel experiments on aeolian transport over gobi with different gravel coverages showed that above the threshold velocity, sediment flux over gobi also behaved like an Owen-type saltation equation in accordance with Eq. (1) (Tan et al, 2013). Thus, this study indicates that the observation method of aeolian transport using horizontal and vertical sediment traps coupled to weighing sensors can effectively build the relationship between sediment transport rate and wind friction velocity, and results of these field studies can also be applied to the corresponding revalidation of wind tunnel experiment results.…”

Section: Prediction Of Sediment Transport Ratementioning

confidence: 81%

“…Zhang et al (2011) demonstrated that the curve shape of sediment flux over gobi beds was mainly affected by sediments available for transport and that the non-monotone profile mainly occurred in a sediment supplylimited condition while the monotone one usually in an unlimited sediment supply condition. According to the field observation results, the parameter A of the studied gobi surface was 0.551, while the average value was 0.10 for all runs in our portable wind tunnel experiments (Tan et al, 2013). Meanwhile, the soil-related parameter A in Eq.…”

Section: Sediment Flux Density Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although significant advances have been made in our understanding of aeolian transport process in the past few decades, the effect of surface roughness, especially solid roughness elements, on it is still uncertain (Lancaster et al, 2010). Moreover, aeolian sediment transport over these rough surfaces have been mainly investigated by wind tunnel experiments (e.g., Al-Awadhi and Willetts (1999), Dong et al (2004), Gillette and Stockton (1989), Lyles et al (1974), McKenna Neuman (1998), Mckenna Neuman and Nickling (1995 and Tan et al (2013)), yet relatively few studies have focused on it in a field view (e.g., Gillies and Lancaster (2013) and Gillies et al (2006)). Wind tunnel results cannot be fully applied to the comparison with those in field situations in relation to scale issues (Gillies et al, 2006), and thus field studies with extensive instrumentation are required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Aeolian sediment transport over gobi: Field studies atop the Mogao Grottoes, China

Tan

Zhang

et al. 2016

Aeolian Research

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a b s t r a c tThis paper reports on field studies of aeolian sediment transport over a rough surface-gobi atop the Mogao Grottoes, China, in relation to sediment entrainment, saltation mass flux and transport rate prediction. Wind speeds were measured with five cup anemometers at different heights and sediment entrainment and transport measured with horizontal and vertical sediment traps coupled to weighing sensors, where sediment entrainment and transport were measured synchronously with wind speeds. Four sediment transport events, with a measurement duration ranging between 2.5 and 11 h, were studied. The entrainment threshold determined by the horizontal sediment trap varied between 0.28 and 0.33 m s À1 , and the effect of non-erodible roughness elements-gravels increased the entrainment threshold approximately by 1.8 times compared to a uniform sand surface. Unlike the non-monotone curve shape of sediment flux density profile over gobi measured in wind tunnels, the flux density profile measured in the field showed an exponential form. Aeolian sediment transport over gobi could be predicted by an Owen-type saltation model: q ¼ Aq=gu Ã ðu 2 Ã À u 2 Ãt Þ, where q is sediment transport rate, A is a soilrelated dimensionless factor, u Ã is the friction velocity, u Ãt is the threshold friction velocity, g is the gravitational acceleration, q is the air density. This study indicates that the sediment flux sampling using horizontal and vertical sediment traps coupled to weighing sensors provides a practical method to determine values for A in this model that can provide good estimates of sediment transport rates in gobi areas.

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Section: Sediment Flux Density Profilementioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Prediction Of Sediment Transport Ratementioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Sediment Flux Density Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Aeolian sediment transport over gobi: Field studies atop the Mogao Grottoes, China

Tan

Zhang

et al. 2016

Aeolian Research

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“…In an attempt to explain the poor performance of aeolian sediment transport models in coastal environments, many authors emphasized the importance of bed surface properties. Typical bed surface properties that are found along the coast and assumed to explain at least partially the poor performance of aeolian sediment transport models are high moisture contents [e.g., Wiggs et al , ; Davidson‐Arnott et al , ; Darke and McKenna Neuman , ; McKenna Neuman and Sanderson , ; Udo et al , ; Bauer et al , ; Edwards and Namikas , ; Namikas et al , ; Scheidt et al , ], salt crusts [e.g., Nickling and Ecclestone , ], bed slopes [e.g., Iversen and Rasmussen , ], vegetation [e.g., Arens , ; Lancaster and Baas , ; Okin , ; Li et al , ; Dupont et al , ], shell pavements [e.g., van der Wal , ; McKenna Neuman et al , ], and sorted and armored beach surfaces [e.g., Gillette and Stockton , ; Gillies et al , ; Tan et al , ; Cheng et al , ]. The influence of these bed surface properties on aeolian sediment transport has been investigated and often resulted in modified values for the velocity threshold [e.g., Howard , ; Dyer , ; Belly , ; Johnson , ; Hotta et al , ; Nickling and Ecclestone , ; Arens , ; King et al , ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A process‐based model for aeolian sediment transport and spatiotemporal varying sediment availability

Hoonhout

Vries

2016

JGR Earth Surface

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Aeolian sediment transport is influenced by a variety of bed surface properties, like moisture, shells, vegetation, and nonerodible elements. The bed surface properties influence aeolian sediment transport by changing the sediment transport capacity and/or the sediment availability. The effect of bed surface properties on the transport capacity and sediment availability is typically incorporated through the velocity threshold. This approach appears to be a critical limitation in existing aeolian sediment transport models for simulation of real-world cases with spatiotemporal variations in bed surface properties. This paper presents a new model approach for multifraction aeolian sediment transport in which sediment availability is simulated rather than parameterized through the velocity threshold. The model can cope with arbitrary spatiotemporal configurations of bed surface properties that either limit or enhance the sediment availability or sediment transport capacity. The performance of the model is illustrated using four prototype cases, the simulation of two wind tunnel experiments from literature and a sensitivity analysis of newly introduced parameters.

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Sediment transportation by strong winds over Gobi surfaces: Field observations along the Lanzhou–Xinjiang high‐speed railway

Wang,

Liu,

Niu

et al. 2024

Land Degrad Dev

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Under strong wind action over vast Gobi surfaces, eolian transportation can cause significant environmental problems and infrastructural damage. However, scientific understanding of the underlying mechanisms and dynamics of this process in the Gobi region remains limited. To address this gap, our study focused on investigating eolian transportation over the Gobi surface along the Lanzhou–Xinjiang high‐speed railway (LXHSR) in Northwest China, where strong winds are prevalent. The results indicate that sand transportation heights can reach 9 m in this region, with the saltation layer approximately 3–6 times higher than that of other gravel deserts. The sediment flux density over the Gobi surface exhibited an exponential decrease with increasing elevation; however, the grain‐size vertical profile in wind‐blown sand displayed an increase up to a critical altitude, followed by a decrease with height. The annual eolian transported quantity recorded in this region exceeds that of most deserts worldwide. Notably, fine sand and total suspended particulates (TSP) contributed to approximately 90% of the sediment deposited on railway tracks and drawn in by passing trains. To control transportation of these fine particles, we propose increasing the height of sand‐blocking fences within the current railway wind‐blown sand protection system from 2 to 3 m. Simultaneously, anthropogenic damage to the Gobi surface should be minimized to reduce excessive dust release. This study provides insight into the wind‐blown sand movement mechanism over the Gobi surface under strong winds, and the eolian physics parameters revealed may serve as a theoretical foundation for preventing and managing eolian catastrophes along the Lanzhou–Xinjiang high‐speed railway.

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Aeolian sand transport over gobi with different gravel coverages under limited sand supply: A mobile wind tunnel investigation

Cited by 50 publications

References 22 publications

Aeolian sediment transport over gobi: Field studies atop the Mogao Grottoes, China

Aeolian sediment transport over gobi: Field studies atop the Mogao Grottoes, China

A process‐based model for aeolian sediment transport and spatiotemporal varying sediment availability

Sediment transportation by strong winds over Gobi surfaces: Field observations along the Lanzhou–Xinjiang high‐speed railway

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