Aerial measurement of radioxenon concentration off the west coast of Vancouver Island following the Fukushima reactor accident

Sinclair, L.E.; Seywerd, H.; Fortin, R; Carson, J M; Saull, P. R. B.; Coyle, M; Brabant, Reid A. Van; Buckle, J L; Desjardins, Suzanne; Hall, Robert M.

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.06.008

Cited by 44 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…THE NUCLEAR Emergency Response (NER) group at Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) conducts airborne and land-based long-range detection of radioactivity in response to nuclear emergencies affecting Canadians, whether accidental or deliberate (Sinclair et al 2011;Grasty 1995;IAEA 1991;Bristow 1978). In 2012, a series of experiments was conducted at the Defence Research and Development Canada's Suffield Research Centre (DRDC-Suffield Research Centre) in order to study the effects of the detonation of a radiological dispersal device (RDD) using a conventional explosive and the radioactive isotope 140 La (Erhardt 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of Monte Carlo techniques to calculate sensitivities for aerial survey for cases where a uniform test line for calibration was not practicable was first demonstrated in Sinclair et al (2011). A joint Japan-United States collaboration followed with a similar approach to determine 131 I ground concentrations in the Fukushima prefecture in 2013 (Torii et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerial Mobile Radiation Survey Following Detonation of a Radiological Dispersal Device

et al. 2016

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A series of experiments was conducted in 2012 at the Defence Research and Development Canada's Suffield Research Centre in Alberta, Canada, during which three radiological dispersal devices were detonated. The detonations released radioactive (140)La into the air, which was then carried by winds and detectable over distances of up to 2 km. The Nuclear Emergency Response group of Natural Resources Canada conducted airborne radiometric surveys shortly following the explosions to map the pattern of radioactivity deposited on the ground. The survey instrument suite was based on large volume NaI(Tl) scintillation gamma radiation detectors, which were situated in a basket mounted exterior to the helicopter and oriented end-to-end to maximize the sensitivity. A standard geophysical data treatment was used to subtract backgrounds and to correct the data to produce counts due to (140)La at the nominal altitude. Sensitivity conversion factors obtained from Monte Carlo simulations were then applied to express the measurements in terms of surface activity concentration in kBq m(-2). Integrated over the survey area, the results indicate that only 20 to 25% of the bomb's original inventory of radioactive material is deposited within a 1.5-km radius of ground zero. These results can be accommodated with a simple model for the RDD behavior and atmospheric dispersion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerial Mobile Radiation Survey Following Detonation of a Radiological Dispersal Device

et al. 2016

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“…C ANADIAN federal radiological assessment team partners, as well as border security operators, have years of experience using large-volume inorganic scintillators to detect radioactive substances from a distance via their gamma emissions, in outdoor mobile survey conditions [1]- [4]. These groups would benefit enormously from the use of a mobile device capable of providing an image of a radioactive substance overlaid on a photograph of the field of view.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon Photomultiplier-Based Compton Telescope for Safety and Security (SCoTSS)

Sinclair

Saull

Hanna

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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Abstract-A Compton gamma imager has been developed for use in consequence management operations and in security investigations. The imager uses solid inorganic scintillator, known for robust performance in field survey conditions. The design was constrained in overall size by the requirement that it be person transportable and operable from a variety of platforms. In order to introduce minimal dead material in the path of the incoming and scattered gamma rays, custom silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs), with a thin glass substrate, were used to collect the scintillation light from the scatter layers. To move them out of the path of the gamma rays, preamplification electronics for the silicon photomultipliers were located a distance from the imager. This imager, the Silicon photomultiplier Compton Telescope for Safety and Security (SCoTSS) is able to provide a one-degree image resolution in a ±45• field of view for a 10 mCi point source 40 m distant, within about one minute, for gamma-ray energies ranging from 344 keV to 1274 keV. Here, we present a comprehensive performance study of the SCoTSS imager.

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“…The tsunami that damaged the Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plants caused huge releases of radionuclides into the environment of Japan [1]. However, the accident also had global effects as suggested by the detection of radioxenon ( 133 Xe) in Washington, USA [2] and Vancouver, Canada [3], and of radioiodine ( 131 I) and radiocesium ( 134 Cs, 137 Cs) in California and Washington, USA [4], Thessaloniki, Greece [5], Bremen, Germany [6], Huelva, Spain [7] and Krasnoyarsk, Russia [8]. The spread and effects of the 134 Cs and 137 Cs radionuclides have become of prime interest because of their dose and long half-lives of 2 and 30 years, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radionuclide Analysis on Bamboos following the Fukushima Nuclear Accident

Higaki

Hirota

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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In response to contamination from the recent Fukushima nuclear accident, we conducted radionuclide analysis on bamboos sampled from six sites within a 25 to 980 km radius of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. Maximum activity concentrations of radiocesium 134Cs and 137Cs in samples from Fukushima city, 65 km away from the Fukushima Daiichi plant, were in excess of 71 and 79 kBq/kg, dry weight (DW), respectively. In Kashiwa city, 195 km away from the Fukushima Daiichi, the sample concentrations were in excess of 3.4 and 4.3 kBq/kg DW, respectively. In Toyohashi city, 440 km away from the Fukushima Daiichi, the concentrations were below the measurable limits of up to 4.5 Bq/kg DW. In the radiocesium contaminated samples, the radiocesium activity was higher in mature and fallen leaves than in young leaves, branches and culms.

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Aerial measurement of radioxenon concentration off the west coast of Vancouver Island following the Fukushima reactor accident

Cited by 44 publications

References 3 publications

Aerial Mobile Radiation Survey Following Detonation of a Radiological Dispersal Device

Aerial Mobile Radiation Survey Following Detonation of a Radiological Dispersal Device

Silicon Photomultiplier-Based Compton Telescope for Safety and Security (SCoTSS)

Radionuclide Analysis on Bamboos following the Fukushima Nuclear Accident

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